To improve road safety, the installation of speed bumps is currently an effective means. And although it is not difficult to install a speed bump, there are still rules clearly regulating its parameters and other nuances.
Installation of a speed bump in the local area
It is clear that when installing artificial roughness on public roads, the road service bears full responsibility for the installation, which ensures compliance with all requirements.
In the case of the installation of artificial unevenness in the local area, and such cases have become a common practice, proactive residents should clearly know what to pay attention to. So, the height of the speed bump should be no higher than 7 cm, while the width should be such that the unevenness occupies the entire roadway without creating a detour maneuver. It is permissible to step back from the sidewalk only 20 cm.
Each artificial hump, no matter where it is installed on the road, must be provided with appropriate markings and a warning sign. A mandatory requirement is the presence of lighting in the dark; if a collapsible speed bump is used, then it must have a reflective and luminous coating to ensure its visibility in the dark.
How to choose a speed bump (IDN)
The dimensions of the speed bump elements should be selected based on the required maximum permissible speed limit on a given section of the road. Requirements GOST R 52605-2006.
|
Speed Bump Type |
Maximum permissible speed indicated on the sign, km/h |
IDN element |
Application of IDN by type |
|||
|
Basic |
Regional |
|||||
|
Chord length L, cm |
Height H, cm |
Chord length L, cm |
Height H, cm |
|||
|
IDN 300 |
- | - | - | - | - |
Parking lots, territories, courtyards, places where installation of products that comply with GOST is not required. |
|
IDN 350 |
||||||
|
IDN 500 |
30 | 5-7 | 5-6 | 5-7 | 5-6 |
In front of children's and youth institutions, playgrounds, parks, stadiums, train stations, shops, on transport and pedestrian main streets of district and local significance, on park roads and driveways [SNiP 2.001-89]; Before entering the territory marked with sign 5.21 “Residential zone”; Before unregulated intersections, at a distance of 30 to 50 m to road sign 2.5 “Driving without stopping is prohibited”; |
|
IDN 700 |
||||||
|
IDN 900 |
50 | 9-11 | 5-6 | 9-11 | 5-6 | |
Installation of speed bumps: price-quality
In addition to the many prohibitions on installing artificial humps on highways and general roads, which the road service undoubtedly observes, there are several restrictions that should be remembered by an initiative group planning to install a car speed limiter in their yard.
It is not allowed to install artificial unevenness at the entrances to garages and areas where emergency vehicles are parked. Installation of artificial unevenness on top of inspection wells of underground utilities is not allowed.
The total cost of installing a hump depends on the speed bump design chosen, its characteristics and the installation company. Don’t forget to add to the cost the installation and purchase of warning road signs and markings.
GOST R 52605-2006
Group D28
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Technical means of traffic management
ARTIFICIAL DIFFICULTIES
General technical requirements. Rules of application
Traffic control devices. Road bumps and road humps.
General technical requirements. Application rules
OKS 93.080.30
OKP 52 1000
Date of introduction 2008-01-01
Preface
Goals and principles of standardization in Russian Federation established by Federal Law of December 27, 2002 N 184-FZ “On Technical Regulation”, and the rules for the application of national standards of the Russian Federation are GOST R 1.0-2004 “Standardization in the Russian Federation. Basic Provisions”.
Standard Details:
1 DEVELOPED by the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "ROSDORNII" (FSUE "ROSDORNII") by order of the Federal Road Agency.
2 INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 278 “Road Safety” and the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 418 “Road Facilities”.
3 APPROVED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by Order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology dated December 11, 2006 N 295-Art.
4 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME.
Information about changes to this standard is published in the annually published information index "National Standards", and the text of changes and amendments is published in the monthly published information index "National Standards". In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this standard, the corresponding notice will be published in the monthly published information index "National Standards". Relevant information, notifications and texts are also posted in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet.
1 area of use
This standard applies to artificial bumps installed on the roadways and streets of cities and rural settlements (hereinafter referred to as roads) of the Russian Federation.
The standard establishes general technical requirements to artificial unevenness for forced speed limiting of vehicles and rules for their use.
2. Normative references
This standard uses normative references to the following standards:
GOST R 50597-93 Highways and streets. Requirements for operational condition acceptable under the conditions of ensuring road safety;
GOST R 51256-99 Technical means of organizing traffic. Road markings. Types and basic parameters. General technical requirements;
GOST R 52289-2004 Technical means of organizing traffic. Rules for the use of road signs, markings, traffic lights, road barriers and guide devices;
GOST R 52290-2004 Technical means of organizing road traffic. Road signs. General technical requirements;
GOST R 52399-2005 Geometric elements of highways.
Note - When using this standard, it is advisable to check the validity of the reference standards in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet or according to the annually published information index "National Standards", which was published as of January 1 of the current year , and according to the corresponding monthly information indexes published in the current year. If the reference standard is replaced (changed), then when using this standard you should be guided by the replaced (changed) standard. If the referenced standard is canceled without replacement, then the provision in which the reference is made applies to the part that does not affect this reference.
3. Terms and definitions
The following terms with corresponding definitions are used in this standard:
3.1. artificial roughness; IN: A specially constructed elevation on the roadway to force a reduction in traffic speed, located perpendicular to the axis of the road.
3.2. IN ridge: A line perpendicular in plan to the road axis, connecting the IN points most elevated above the roadway.
3.3. IN height: The shortest distance from the IN crest on the road axis to the level of the roadway.
3.4. longitudinal profile IN: The section created when the IN intersects with a vertical plane located along its crest, perpendicular to the roadway.
3.5. transverse profile IN: The section created when the IN intersects a vertical plane located along the axis of the road.
4. Technical requirements
4.1. General requirements
4.1.1. IN is installed on certain sections of roads to ensure a forced reduction of the maximum permissible speed of vehicles to 40 km/h or less.
4.1.2. Depending on the manufacturing technology, IN structures are divided into monolithic and prefabricated.
4.1.3. The length of the ID must be no less than the width of the roadway. The permissible deviation is no more than 0.2 m on each side of the road.
4.1.4. At the site for the installation of IN, drainage from the roadway must be provided.
4.1.5. To inform drivers, sections of roads with ID must be equipped technical means traffic management: road signs and markings.
4.2. Requirements for monolithic structures
4.2.1. Monolithic IN structures must be made of asphalt concrete.
Depending on the transverse profile, INs are divided into two types:
Wavy (see Figure 1a);
Trapezoidal (see Figure 1b).
Figure 1 - Transverse profiles of IN
4.2.2. The type of longitudinal profile IN is selected taking into account the presence of rainwater wells near it on the upstream side of the road on the descent and depending on the direction of the transverse flow of water on the roadway.
The following types are distinguished:
I - with a two-way transverse slope of the roadway and the absence of rainwater wells on the upstream side of the road on the descent at the IN (see Figure 2a);
II - with a two-way transverse slope of the roadway and the presence of rainwater wells on the upstream side of the road on the descent at the IN (see Figure 2b);
III - with a one-sided transverse slope of the roadway and the absence of a rainwater well in the lower tray on the upstream side of the road on the descent at the IN (see Figure 2c);
IV - with a one-sided transverse slope of the roadway and the presence of a rainwater well in the lower tray on the upstream side of the road on the descent at the IN (see Figure 2d).
Figure 2 - Longitudinal profiles of IN
4.2.3 IN parameters should be taken based on the maximum permissible speed on the road section indicated on the sign, in accordance with Table 1.
Table 1
Dimensions in meters
|
Wave profile |
Trapezoidal profile |
|||||
|
Maximum ridge height H |
Maximum ridge height H |
|||||
|
horizontal platform L g |
inclined section L n |
|||||
|
From 3.0 to 3.5 inclusive. |
From 11 to 15 inclusive. |
From 2.0 to 2.5 incl. |
From 1.0 to 1.15 incl. |
|||
|
From 4.0 to 4.5 inclusive. |
From 20 to 25 incl. |
From 3.0 to 5.0 incl. |
From 1.0 to 1.40 incl. |
|||
|
From 6.25 to 6.75 inclusive. |
From 48 to 57 incl. |
From 3.0 to 5.0 incl. |
From 1.75 to 2.25 inclusive. |
|||
On roads on which trackless route vehicles regularly move, the IN parameters should be taken in accordance with Table 2.
table 2
Dimensions in meters
|
Wave profile |
Trapezoidal profile |
|||||
|
Maximum permissible speed indicated on the sign, km/h |
Maximum ridge height H |
Radius of curved surface R |
Maximum ridge height H |
|||
|
horizontal platform L g |
inclined section L n |
|||||
|
From 5.0 to 5.5 inclusive. |
From 31 to 38 inclusive. |
From 2.0 to 2.5 incl. |
From 1.5 to 2.0 incl. |
|||
|
From 8.0 to 8.5 inclusive. |
From 80 to 90 inclusive. |
From 3.0 to 5.0 incl. |
From 2.0 to 2.5 incl. |
|||
|
From 12 to 12.5 inclusive. |
From 180 to 195 incl. |
From 3.0 to 5.0 incl. |
From 4.0 to 4.5 inclusive. |
|||
4.3 Requirements for prefabricated structures
4.3.1 Collapsible design of the IN can consist of a number of the same type of geometrically compatible main and edge elements.
4.3.2 The main and edge elements can consist of one (see Figure 3a) or two parts (see Figure 3b), which are geometrically compatible with each other and have holes for attachment to the road surface.
Figure 3 - Design of a collapsible IN
4.3.3 The design must provide for the possibility of installation and dismantling on the road surface, as well as replacement of its individual elements and parts using special tools.
4.3.4 The dimensions of the IN elements should be taken depending on the required limitation of the maximum permissible speed in accordance with Table 3.
Table 3
Dimensions in meters
4.3.5 Each IN element can be made in the form of a single-layer or two-layer structure.
4.3.6 IN must have a surface that provides a coefficient of adhesion in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 50597.
4.3.7 The hardness of an IN, made of an elastic material, according to Shore A, measured on the working surface at at least five points, at least 50 mm from the edge, must be from 55 to 80 conventional units.
4.4 To ensure visibility at night, retroreflective elements oriented in the direction of vehicle movement must be applied to the surface of the vehicle. The area of retroreflective elements must be at least 15% of the total area of the IN.
4.5 Retroreflective elements are made of polymer tapes or other materials in accordance with GOST R 51256. The values of the brightness coefficient and retroreflective coefficient of such elements must comply with the requirements of GOST R 51256 for category I roads and main streets of continuous traffic. If retroreflective elements are destroyed or peeled off, as well as their lighting characteristics decrease during operation to values below standard values, the retroreflective elements must be replaced with new ones.
4.6 It is not allowed to operate the IN with missing individual elements and protruding or open fasteners.
If the integrity of the tire is compromised due to the loss of one or more elements, the fasteners remaining in the road surface should not cause damage to the tires.
4.7 When dismantling the vehicle, the fastening elements must be removed, the remaining holes on the road surface must be sealed, and warning road signs and markings must be eliminated.
4.8 The artificial hump kit should include:
Main and edge elements;
- fastening elements;
- Passport products;
- installation instructions.
5 Methods for controlling artificial humps
5.1 The technical condition of the IN is monitored visually.
Control of retroreflective elements - according to GOST R 51256.
5.2 When inspecting the ID of a prefabricated structure, check the presence of all elements, their condition and tightness of contact with the road surface.
5.3 When inspecting the monolithic structure of the IN, check for the absence of subsidence, potholes, and other damage. The maximum extent of damage to the roadway surface and the timing of their elimination are established in accordance with GOST R 50597.
5.4 If any defect in the ID is detected, the period for its elimination should not exceed three days.
6 Rules for the use of artificial unevenness
6.1 IN is installed on roads with asphalt concrete and cement concrete surfaces in areas with artificial lighting.
6.2 IE is arranged based on an analysis of the causes of accidents on specific sections of roads, taking into account the composition and intensity of traffic and road conditions
IN is satisfied with:
In front of children's and youth educational institutions, playgrounds, places of public recreation, stadiums, stations, shops and other objects of mass concentration of pedestrians, on transport-pedestrian and pedestrian-transport main streets of district significance, on roads and streets of local significance, in parks roads and passages;
Before dangerous sections of roads on which a speed limit of 40 km/h or less has been introduced, established by road sign 3.24 “Maximum speed limit” or 5.3.1 “Zone with maximum speed limit”;
Before entering the territory marked with sign 5.21 “Residential zone”;
Before unregulated intersections with poor visibility of vehicles approaching along the road being crossed, at a distance of 30 to 50 m to road sign 2.5 “Driving without stopping is prohibited”;
From 10 to 15 m before the beginning of road sections that are areas of concentration of road accidents;
From 10 to 15 m to ground-based unregulated pedestrian crossings near children's and youth educational institutions, playgrounds, places of public recreation, stadiums, train stations, large stores, metro stations;
Alternating 50 m apart in the coverage area of road sign 1.23 “Children”.
6.3 It is not allowed to arrange an ID in the following cases:
On federal roads;
- on roads of regional importance with a number of lanes of 4 or more (except for sections passing through the territory of cities and towns with a population of more than 1000 people);
- at public transport stopping areas or adjacent traffic lanes and at the widening of the roadway;
- on bridges, overpasses, overpasses, in transport tunnels and passages under bridges;
- at a distance of less than 100 m from railway crossings;
- on main high-speed roads in cities and main streets of citywide importance of continuous traffic;
- at the entrances to hospitals, ambulance stations, fire stations, bus and trolleybus depots, garages and parking areas for emergency vehicles and other sites where special vehicles are concentrated;
- above inspection wells of underground communications.
6.4 It is allowed to combine a monolithic structure with a trapezoidal profile with ground-based unregulated pedestrian crossings near children's and youth educational institutions, playgrounds on local streets in residential areas of cities, ensuring the passage of pedestrians along the central horizontal platform of the crossing with a width of at least 4 m, subject to traffic restrictions pedestrians along an inclined section of an elevated pedestrian crossing using barriers.
6.5 Reducing the height of a monolithic artificial unevenness to zero to a tray located along the curb stone (see Figures 2a, c) is accepted with a slope of 1:6 on elevated pedestrian crossings and 1:4 in other cases.
6.6 It is allowed to ensure water drainage from a monolithic water pump without reducing its height (see Figures 2b, d) in the presence of rainwater wells constructed at the water pump on each side of the street (if the longitudinal slope of the tray is less than 5+) or on one (upstream) side of the street ( with a longitudinal slope of the tray of 3+ or more).
6.7 IN is installed on road sections with a ensured standard visibility distance of the road surface in accordance with GOST R 52399 with maximum proximity to existing artificial lighting masts, and, if necessary, with the installation of new outdoor lighting poles near the IN. The illumination level of the roadway in such areas should be at least 10 lux.
6.8 The length of the road section with a forced limitation of the maximum permissible speed should not exceed the values specified in Table 4, and the total number of motor vehicles on such a road section should not be more than five.
Table 4
7 Equipment of technical means for organizing traffic on sections of roads with artificial bumps
7.1 Sections of roads on which INs are located should be equipped with road signs and road markings in accordance with GOST R 52289, GOST R 52290 and GOST R 51256.
7.2 In front of the IN, on the nearest border of it or the marking, road signs 1.17 “Artificial Roughness” and 5.20 “Artificial Roughness” are installed.
7.3 Warning drivers about several sequentially located artificial bumps is ensured by the use of plate 8.2.1 “Area of Operation”, installed together with warning road sign 1.17 “Artificial bump”.
7.4 If on a section of the road the IM dimensions are selected for the maximum permissible speed, which differs from the speed on the previous section of the road by 20 km/h or more, a stepped speed limit is used with the sequential installation of signs 3.24 “Maximum speed limit” in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 52289.
7.5 In the case of using various IN designs, marking lines on the road surface and on curb stones are applied in accordance with Figure 4.
Figure 4 - Example of applying markings 1.25 and 2.7 when installing IN
If it is necessary to install an elevated ground pedestrian crossing combined with the IN, the marking line is applied in accordance with Figure 5.
Figure 5 - Example of applying markings 1.25 and 2.7 in the case of an elevated pedestrian crossing combined with an IN
Bibliography
SNiP 2.07.01-89 Urban planning. Planning and development of urban and rural settlements
SNiP 2.05.02-85 Highways
The electronic text of the document was prepared by Kodeks JSC and verified according to: official publication M.: Standartinform, 2007
To shorten the journey or avoid a traffic jam, car drivers often drive through internal driveways without reducing their speed. Thus, a speed bump in the yard is a pressing issue for many residents of large cities.
Design and purpose of speed bumps
A speed bump is a road structure designed to reduce the speed of drivers of vehicles moving along the roadway. Structurally, the speed bump is a mound of reinforced rubber, painted black and yellow to attract attention. Areas for installing speed bumps include internal driveways and roads in areas of unregulated pedestrian crossings, located near schools, kindergartens and medical institutions.
Procedure for installing a speed bump
The installation of speed bumps is organized by separate services of local governments, whose specialists annually draw up a plan for the order of their installation. First of all, it is necessary to find out whether it is planned to install an artificial roughness in the required location according to the approved schedule.
If the installation of a speed bump in a particular yard is not included in the plans of the municipal authorities, the residents of the yard can submit a collective application. During the application process, the maximum possible number of signatures is collected, after which the document is submitted for consideration to the local administration. Also attached to the application are the locations of the proposed installation of the structure with photographs.
If the verdict is positive, the installation of the speed bump will be carried out at the expense of the municipal treasury. It should be borne in mind that the time from consideration of the application to the installation of the road structure may take a long period. When considering applications, preference is given to places located near medical and educational institutions.
If funds are available, the initiative group can independently purchase the necessary equipment. In addition to the speed bump design itself, it includes a set of road signs required for installation by traffic regulations.
With any source of financing for the purchase and installation of a speed bump, its installation must be approved by the traffic police. If this stage is ignored, the structure can be dismantled legally.
There are more and more speed bumps on the country's roads. They are an elevation created from a special structure and designed to limit the speed of drivers on a certain section of the road. However, speed bumps are not always installed in accordance with existing rules, and since 2008 there has been a special GOST for their installation.
Instructions
The speed bump must meet certain technical requirements. It is installed to limit driving speed to 40 km/h. By design, they are collapsible and monolithic. The length of the obstacle must be no less than the width of the roadway. Deviations of 20cm on each side are allowed.
Before installing an artificial hump, drainage from the roadway must be installed. It is necessary to install appropriate signs and apply certain markings.
The monolithic structure must be made of asphalt concrete and can be wavy or trapezoidal. You should also pay attention to the longitudinal slope, which is adjusted in accordance with the presence of rainwater wells.
The prefabricated structure consists of the same type and geometrically suitable elements and is made of elastic material with a fixed hardness of 55 conventional units. Before installing such a speed bump, it is necessary to make appropriate holes in the road. Single-layer or double-layer construction can be used.
Every month the number of so-called speed bumps on the roads of our country increases. They are an artificial elevation of the road, designed to ensure that car drivers slow down on a given section of the road. Very often they can be seen near schools, playgrounds and other places where children can run out onto the road. But many speed bumps are also installed where there are dangerous turns or other places with an increased likelihood of an accident. Recently, not a single supermarket parking lot can do without speed bumps.
Speed bumps are often made from rounded metal structures. They vary in height and steepness depending on how safe a given place is. The more traffic flow needs to be slowed down, the higher the police officers become. Often, artificial bumps on country roads are made of asphalt.
If we talk about driving cars through this unevenness, many drivers make mistakes. The main mistake is that drivers run over a police officer with the brakes lightly applied. This has a very negative effect on the quality of overcoming obstacles, and can also damage the front suspension of your car! Remember that you should only slow down until you reach an obstacle! It is strictly not recommended to brake on the speed bump itself! When you see such an obstacle, start slowing down in advance, selecting the speed of passage. Roll up to the policeman. Then, when you feel that the front wheels have begun to approach the hill, lightly increase the gas. With this element, your car will seem to swallow this unevenness. If suddenly you notice a policeman late, then under no circumstances slow down for him! If possible, then slow down sharply before it, but you don’t need to brake on it, no matter what the speed. It wouldn't hurt to even add a little gas.
Passing a speed bump.
3-D speed bump.
Noise stripes
Recently, a compromise solution has begun to be used on the roads - noise strips. They do not impede traffic as much as speed bumps, but at the same time force drivers to slow down. However, not everyone speaks positively about them.
GOST for speed bumps
Since 2008, GOST has been introduced for the installation of speed bumps. Check it out.
GOST R 52605-2006
Group D28
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Technical means of traffic management
ARTIFICIAL DIFFICULTIES
General technical requirements. Rules of application
Traffic control devices. Road bumps and road humps.
General technical requirements. Application rules
OKS 93.080.30
Date of introduction 2008-01-01
Preface
The goals and principles of standardization in the Russian Federation are established by Federal Law of December 27, 2002 N 184-FZ “On Technical Regulation”, and the rules for applying national standards of the Russian Federation are GOST R 1.0-2004 “Standardization in the Russian Federation. Basic Provisions”
Standard information
1 DEVELOPED by the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "ROSDORNII" (FSUE "ROSDORNII") by order of the Federal Road Agency2 INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 278 "Road Safety" and the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 418 "Road Facilities"3 APPROVED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by Order Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology dated December 11, 2006 N 295-st4 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME Information on changes to this standard is published in the annually published information index "National Standards", and the text of changes and amendments is published in the monthly published information index "National Standards" ". In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this standard, the corresponding notice will be published in the monthly published information index "National Standards". Relevant information, notifications and texts are also posted in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet
1 area of use
This standard applies to artificial bumps installed on the roadways and streets of cities and rural settlements (hereinafter referred to as roads) of the Russian Federation.
The standard establishes general technical requirements for artificial bumps for forced speed limiting of vehicles and the rules for their use.
This standard uses normative references to the following standards:
GOST R 50597-93 Highways and streets. Requirements for operational condition acceptable under road safety conditions
GOST R 51256-99 Technical means of organizing traffic. Road markings. Types and basic parameters. General technical requirements
GOST R 52289-2004 Technical means of organizing traffic. Rules for the use of road signs, markings, traffic lights, road barriers and guide devices
GOST R 52290-2004 Technical means of organizing road traffic. Road signs. General technical requirements
GOST R 52399-2005 Geometric elements of highways
Note - When using this standard, it is advisable to check the validity of the reference standards in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet or according to the annually published information index "National Standards", which was published as of January 1 of the current year , and according to the corresponding monthly information indexes published in the current year. If the reference standard is replaced (changed), then when using this standard you should be guided by the replaced (changed) standard. If the referenced standard is canceled without replacement, then the provision in which the reference is made applies to the part that does not affect this reference.
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms with corresponding definitions are used in this standard:
3.1 artificial hump; IN: A specially constructed elevation on the roadway to force a reduction in traffic speed, located perpendicular to the axis of the road.
3.2 IN ridge: A line perpendicular in plan to the road axis, connecting the IN points most elevated above the roadway.
3.3 IN height: The shortest distance from the IN crest on the road axis to the level of the roadway.
3.4 longitudinal profile of the IN: The section created when the IN is crossed by a vertical plane located along its crest, perpendicular to the roadway.
3.5 transverse profile of IN: The section created when the IN intersects with a vertical plane located along the axis of the road.
4 Technical requirements
4.1 General requirements
4.1.1 IN is installed on certain sections of roads to ensure a forced reduction of the maximum permissible speed of vehicles to 40 km/h or less.
4.1.2 IN structures, depending on the manufacturing technology, are divided into monolithic and prefabricated.
4.1.3 The length of the ID must be no less than the width of the roadway. The permissible deviation is no more than 0.2 m on each side of the road.
4.1.4 At the site for the installation of the IN, drainage from the roadway must be provided.
4.1.5 To inform drivers, sections of roads with ID must be equipped with technical means of traffic management: road signs and markings.
4.2 Requirements for monolithic structures
4.2.1 Monolithic structures of IN must be made of asphalt concrete.
Depending on the transverse profile, INs are divided into two types:
Wavy (see Figure 1a);
Trapezoidal (see Figure 1b).
4.2.2 The type of longitudinal profile IN is selected taking into account the presence of rainwater wells near it on the upstream side of the road on the descent and depending on the direction of the transverse flow of water on the roadway.
The following types are distinguished:
I - with a two-way transverse slope of the roadway and the absence of rainwater wells on the upstream side of the road on the descent at the IN (see Figure 2a);
II - with a two-way transverse slope of the roadway and the presence of rainwater wells on the upstream side of the road on the descent at the IN (see Figure 2b);
III - with a one-sided transverse slope of the roadway and the absence of a rainwater well in the lower tray on the upstream side of the road on the descent at the IN (see Figure 2c);
IV - with a one-sided transverse slope of the roadway and the presence of a rainwater well in the lower tray on the upstream side of the road on the descent at the IN (see Figure 2d).
4.2.3 IN parameters should be taken based on the maximum permissible speed on the road section indicated on the sign, in accordance with Table 1.
Table 1
Dimensions in meters
| Wave profile | Trapezoidal profile | |||||
| Length | Maxi- low ridge height |
Length | Maximum ridge height | |||
| horizontal platform | inclined section | |||||
| 20 | From 3.0 to | 0,07 | From 11 to | From 2.0 to | From 1.0 to 1.15 incl. |
0,07 |
| 30 | From 4.0 to | 0,07 | From 20 to | From 3.0 to | From 1.0 to 1.40 incl. |
0,07 |
| 40 | From 6.25 to 6.75 incl. |
0,07 | From 48 to | From 3.0 to | From 1.75 to 2.25 incl. |
0,07 |
On roads on which trackless route vehicles regularly move, the IN parameters should be taken in accordance with Table 2.
table 2
Dimensions in meters
| Wave profile | Trapezoidal profile | |||||
| Maximum permissible speed indicated on the sign, km/h | Length | Maxi- low ridge height |
Radius of curved surface | Length | Maximum ridge height | |
| horizontal platform | inclined section | |||||
| 20 | From 5.0 to | 0,07 | From 31 to | From 2.0 to | From 1.5 to | 0,07 |
| 30 | From 8.0 to | 0,07 | From 80 to | From 3.0 to | From 2.0 to | 0,07 |
| 40 | From 12 to 12.5 incl. |
0,07 | From 180 to | From 3.0 to | From 4.0 to | 0,07 |
4.3 Requirements for prefabricated structures
4.3.1 Collapsible design of the IN can consist of a number of the same type of geometrically compatible main and edge elements.
4.3.2 The main and edge elements can consist of one (see Figure 3a)
or two parts (see Figure 3b),
which are geometrically compatible with each other and have holes for attachment to the road surface.
4.3.3 The design must provide for the possibility of installation and dismantling on the road surface, as well as replacement of its individual elements and parts using special tools.
4.3.4 The dimensions of the IN elements should be taken depending on the required limitation of the maximum permissible speed in accordance with Table 3.
Table 3
Dimensions in meters
| Maximum permissible speed indicated on the sign, km/h | Element IN | |||
| Basic | Regional | |||
| Chord length | Maximum height | Chord length | Maximum height | |
| 30 | From 0.50 up to 0.70 incl. |
From 0.05 up to 0.06 incl. |
From 0.50 up to 0.70 incl. |
From 0.05 up to 0.06 incl. |
| 40 | From 0.90 up to 1.10 incl. |
From 0.05 up to 0.06 incl. |
From 0.90 up to 1.10 incl. |
From 0.05 up to 0.06 incl. |
4.3.5 Each IN element can be made in the form of a single-layer or two-layer structure.
4.3.6 IN must have a surface that provides a coefficient of adhesion in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 50597.
4.3.7 The hardness of an IN, made of an elastic material, according to Shore A, measured on the working surface at at least five points, at least 50 mm from the edge, must be from 55 to 80 conventional units.
4.4 To ensure visibility at night, retroreflective elements oriented in the direction of vehicle movement must be applied to the surface of the vehicle. The area of retroreflective elements must be at least 15% of the total area of the IN.
4.5 Retroreflective elements are made of polymer tapes or other materials in accordance with GOST R 51256. The values of the brightness coefficient and retroreflective coefficient of such elements must comply with the requirements of GOST R 51256 for category I roads and main streets of continuous traffic. If retroreflective elements are destroyed or peeled off, as well as their lighting characteristics decrease during operation to values below standard values, the retroreflective elements must be replaced with new ones.
4.6 It is not allowed to operate the IN with missing individual elements and protruding or open fasteners.
If the integrity of the tire is compromised due to the loss of one or more elements, the fasteners remaining in the road surface should not cause damage to the tires.
4.7 When dismantling the vehicle, the fastening elements must be removed, the remaining holes on the road surface must be sealed, and warning road signs and markings must be eliminated.
4.8 The artificial hump kit should include:
Main and edge elements;
Fastening elements;
Passport products;
Installation instructions.
5 Methods for controlling artificial humps
5.1 The technical condition of the IN is monitored visually.
Control of retroreflective elements - according to GOST R 51256.
5.2 When inspecting the ID of a prefabricated structure, check the presence of all elements, their condition and tightness of contact with the road surface.
5.3 When inspecting the monolithic structure of the IN, check for the absence of subsidence, potholes, and other damage. The maximum extent of damage to the roadway surface and the timing of their elimination are established in accordance with GOST R 50597.
5.4 If any defect in the ID is detected, the period for its elimination should not exceed three days.
6 Rules for the use of artificial unevenness
6.1 IN is installed on roads with asphalt concrete and cement concrete surfaces in areas with artificial lighting.
6.2 IE is arranged based on an analysis of the causes of accidents on specific sections of roads, taking into account the composition and intensity of traffic and road conditions
IN is satisfied with:
In front of children's and youth educational institutions, playgrounds, places of public recreation, stadiums, stations, shops and other objects of mass concentration of pedestrians, on transport-pedestrian and pedestrian-transport main streets of district significance, on roads and streets of local significance, in parks roads and passages;
Before dangerous sections of roads on which a speed limit of 40 km/h or less has been introduced, established by road sign 3.24 “Maximum speed limit” or 5.3.1 “Zone with maximum speed limit”;
Before entering the territory marked with sign 5.21 “Residential zone”;
Before unregulated intersections with poor visibility of vehicles approaching along the road being crossed, at a distance of 30 to 50 m to road sign 2.5 “Driving without stopping is prohibited”;
From 10 to 15 m before the beginning of road sections that are areas of concentration of road accidents;
From 10 to 15 m to ground-based unregulated pedestrian crossings near children's and youth educational institutions, playgrounds, places of public recreation, stadiums, train stations, large stores, metro stations;
Alternating 50 m apart in the coverage area of road sign 1.23 “Children”.
6.3 It is not allowed to arrange an ID in the following cases:
On federal roads;
On regional roads with 4 or more lanes (except for sections passing through cities and towns with a population of more than 1000 people);
At public transport stops or adjacent traffic lanes and at the junctions of roadway widenings;
On bridges, overpasses, overpasses, in transport tunnels and passages under bridges;
At a distance of less than 100 m from railway crossings;
On high-speed highways in cities and main streets of citywide importance there is continuous traffic;
At the entrances to hospitals, ambulance stations, fire stations, bus and trolleybus depots, garages and parking areas for emergency vehicles and other sites where special vehicles are concentrated;
Above inspection wells of underground communications.
6.4 It is allowed to combine a monolithic structure with a trapezoidal profile with ground-based unregulated pedestrian crossings near children's and youth educational institutions, playgrounds on local streets in residential areas of cities, ensuring the passage of pedestrians along the central horizontal platform of the crossing with a width of at least 4 m, subject to traffic restrictions pedestrians along an inclined section of an elevated pedestrian crossing using barriers.
6.5 Reducing the height of a monolithic artificial unevenness to zero to a tray located along the curb stone (see Figures 2a, c) is accepted with a slope of 1:6 on elevated pedestrian crossings and 1:4 in other cases.
6.6 It is allowed to ensure water drainage from a monolithic water pump without reducing its height (see Figures 2b, d) in the presence of rainwater wells constructed at the water pump on each side of the street (if the longitudinal slope of the tray is less than 5+) or on one (upstream) side of the street ( with a longitudinal slope of the tray of 3+ or more).
6.7 IN is installed on road sections with a ensured standard visibility distance of the road surface in accordance with GOST R 52399 with maximum proximity to existing artificial lighting masts, and, if necessary, with the installation of new outdoor lighting poles near the IN. The illumination level of the roadway in such areas should be at least 10 lux.
6.8 The length of the road section with a forced limitation of the maximum permissible speed should not exceed the values specified in Table 4, and the total number of motor vehicles on such a road section should not be more than five.
Table 4
| Maximum permissible speed, km/h | Distance between IN axes, m |
| 20 | From 35 to 60 incl. |
| 30 | From 60 to 80 incl. |
| 40 | From 80 to 125 incl. |
7 Equipment of technical means for organizing traffic on sections of roads with artificial bumps
7.1 Sections of roads on which INs are located should be equipped with road signs and road markings in accordance with GOST R 52289, GOST R 52290 and GOST R 51256.
7.2 In front of the IN, on the nearest border of it or the marking, road signs 1.17 “Artificial Roughness” and 5.20 “Artificial Roughness” are installed.
7.3 Warning drivers about several sequentially located artificial bumps is ensured by the use of plate 8.2.1 “Area of Operation”, installed together with warning road sign 1.17 “Artificial bump”.
7.4 If on a section of the road the IM dimensions are selected for the maximum permissible speed, which differs from the speed on the previous section of the road by 20 km/h or more, a stepped speed limit is used with the sequential installation of signs 3.24 “Maximum speed limit” in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 52289.
7.5 In the case of using various designs of IN, marking lines on the road surface and on curb stones are applied in accordance with Figure 4 (Figure 4 - Example of applying markings 1.25 and 2.7 when installing IN).
see Figure 4a - monolithic structure
see Figure 4b - collapsible design.
If it is necessary to install an elevated ground pedestrian crossing combined with the IN, the marking line is applied in accordance with Figure 5.
See Figure 5 - Example of applying markings 1.25 and 2.7 in the case of an elevated pedestrian crossing combined with an IN
When installing and assembling an artificial road hump (speed bump), the most important thing must not be forgotten and taken into account so that during operation it is safe for motorists and does not bring even greater problems on the road. To clarify our idea, we give an example - an artificial bump should provide a forced reduction in speed in places of increased alertness, but these places and the bump itself must be noticed from afar and in advance! There should be no emergency braking on the road and speed bumps should not create emergency situations.
Therefore, it is simply necessary and in no case can you do without appropriate markings and installation of information and warning signs.
Immediately in front of the traffic control point, sign 5.20 “Artificial hump” is installed, in advance, according to the traffic rules, sign 1.17 “Artificial hump”. And in an area with several consecutive irregularities located one after another there is also a sign 8.2.1 “Area of Action”. After the warning sign, the necessary signs 3.24 “Maximum speed limit” follow, successively 40 km/h, 30 km/h and 20 km/h. "in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 52289.
It should also be noted that the height of the artificial unevenness should not exceed 6 cm. Well, the width should be along the entire roadway. And it is better not to leave even minimal gaps - according to psychology, the driver, if he sees a small gap, he will try to drive at least one wheel on a flat surface. And in connection with this, unpleasant situations are created on the road, and even with frequent collisions with this one ill-fated end section, it quickly breaks down.
Light reflection is provided on the surface of the IDN, which attracts the driver’s attention, but it is also desirable to provide the possibility of artificial night lighting.
It happens that our clients complain that the IDNs are torn out along with the fastenings by snow removal equipment, and simply because of the large flow of vehicles, the area is distorted and some elements are detached, and therefore we recommend that before installing the IDNs, you check the thickness of the asphalt and select fasteners. Anchor bolts should open directly into the asphalt, and not go further than the road surface into the sand, otherwise they will quickly become loose and lose their holding function. It is also not permissible to carry out installation in places where the road surface is heavily cracked, there are potholes, bumps and sudden changes in the surface.
Well, one more wish - for high-quality and correct installation of artificial unevenness, it is better to turn to specialists. We are always happy to help and will respond on the first call!!