Head for a screw pile: types and installation features. Welding the heads and welding of screw piles Installing the head on a screw pile

Despite the simple design of SHS, making screw piles with your own hands is quite difficult. For easy screwing into the ground, a certain inclination of the spiral blade and its correct location on the cone of the tip are necessary.

There are no GOST standards for screw piles, so even industrial manufacturers often sell products with incorrect dimensions and tip geometry. To ensure a high service life of the foundation, it is necessary to adhere to the dimensions in the drawings below.

Despite the variety of designs, factory-made and home-made screw piles have several elements:

body – pipe with a diameter of 76 – 350 mm, a wall of 4 mm;
tip - cast, welded peak (recommended length 2 diameters) or a cone made from the body of the pipe;
blades - one double-start or single-start spiral or two screws at a distance of 0.4 - 0.7 m from each other (for layers with weak bearing capacity);
cap - relevant for wooden grillages (log houses, frame, panel, panel houses), is a plate with holes, reinforced with stiffeners, welded to a pipe coil, the internal diameter of which is slightly larger than the outer size of the pile body.

Screw pile design drawing.

The foundation from a metal grillage on screw piles is assembled without caps. The channel and I-beam are welded directly to the body of the pile protruding above the surface of the earth.

Making screw piles with your own hands - step by step

When designing the above-mentioned SHS elements, it is necessary to rely on the drawings of any manufacturer of screw piles. This will allow you to avoid mistakes in the landing dimensions of the blades and minimize the number of welds, each of which weakens the metal in the immediate vicinity of the joint.

Pile body

The production of SHS begins with the selection of pipes that make up the foundation. Experts recommend adhering to the manufacturers’ specifications:

St20 – corresponds to GOST 8732;
09G2S – corresponds to GOST 19281.

Pipes made from these materials are quite easy to cut and bend the petals when making the tip peaks. The standard length of the SHS is 2 - 3 m; if it is necessary to immerse to great depths to ensure that the bearing layers are reached, the pile is extended by a pipe after screwing in by 1.5 - 2 m.

Tip options

There are three tip options for a homemade screw pile. They all differ in manufacturing technology and part sizes. For dense soils, welded peaks or tips made from the pipe body are optimal. When screwing SHS into peat, sand or sandy loam, cross-shaped tips can be used. The design of the lance has virtually no effect on the service life of the foundation; only the tightening force on the levers changes.

Manufacturing using this technology will require an increase in the pipe body by the length of two of its diameters, since one end of the pile blank is turned into a tip. The method consists of a sequence of operations:

making a template - a triangle is cut out of cardboard, paronite or pipe;
marking - the end of the tubular blank is marked according to a template into several sectors;
cutting the pipe - serrated petals are made along the chalk lines at the end of the pipe;
bend – the petals obtained at the previous stage are bent into a cone, the top of which should coincide with the axis of the pipe;
welding - the petals are welded to each other with a double seam.

Preparation of a screw pile tip from the pipe body.

When marking the template, you need to consider:

for pipes with a diameter of 108 - 200 mm, it is better to make 5 petals;
for 76 – 89 mm pipes, 4 petals are enough;
the short side of the triangle is equal to πD/n, where n is the number of petals, D is the diameter of the pipe;
the height of the triangle is equal to or slightly more than two outer diameters of the pipe.

The resulting peak has the shape of a cone, which is very convenient for welding the blade blank. To make SHS using this technology, you will need a welding machine (inverter), a plasma cutter/gas cutter or an angle grinder with metal equipment (cutting disc). The foundation is guaranteed to sink to the design layer, the peak easily moves apart small stones and crushes large boulders.

Welding tip

For foundations of small architectural forms and light buildings, welded tips can be used, manufactured using similar technology:

cutting the petal - the development of the triangle is carried out in a similar way from sheet steel (4 - 5 mm) or a pipe of the same diameter as the body of the pile;
tip assembly - the petals are installed close to each other, the resulting cone is tacked by welding;
manufacturing - double tack welding.

The tip is welded from 4 triangular blanks (pyramid).

It is more convenient to join the blades to peaks made of petals cut from pipes rather than to pyramids made of sheet steel. In any case, the drawing below is used.

Cross tip

The third method of making the tip uses different designs. The technology looks like:

cut of parts – triangle + stiffeners + round plate-plug for the pipe;
assembly of the structure - a large triangle is installed on the plug, two stiffening ribs (at right angles to the plate), grabbed in several places;
welding joint - all joints are welded with a double seam.

Pile with a cross-shaped tip.

The large triangle has dimensions:

the bottom side is equal to the diameter of the round plug (the outer size of the pipe);
the height is π x D.

When choosing a cross-shaped tip, it is necessary to take into account that the blades (pile auger) in this case are welded above the peak. This is the only drawback of this design, which increases the tightening force.

Manufacturing of blades

Single-throw blade.

The easiest way to tighten piles is the screw of which starts in the lower third of the tip, the pitch of the blade is 5 - 7 cm. This SHS element has a complex configuration, made of thick sheet steel from 5 mm. Therefore, you can make blades in several ways:

solid single-throw propeller - cut the sheet blank according to the drawing shown, spread the blade with a crowbar or pry bar to the required pitch size;
a prefabricated screw from several blanks - cutting individual segments (half a circle maximum), sequential welding of each of them onto a peak, the body of the pile.

In the first case, it is physically impossible to perform more than one turn of the propeller. But the element has maximum spatial rigidity and stable geometry.

In the second option, it is possible to assemble a multi-start screw, but it is difficult to maintain the spiral configuration.

A single-thread blade is created in the following way:

Cutting a blade for a pile using a manual plasma cutter along chalk markings.

marking - the outer diameter of the workpiece is 15 - 30 cm depending on the load on the pile (usually 20 - 25 cm), the inner diameter is equal to the outer size of the pipe (for homemade piles, more often than not, 76 - 108 mm), a segment is drawn in an arbitrary place connecting the inner circle with external;
cut - the part is cut from a 5 - 7 mm sheet using a plasma cutter, gas cutter or welding, taking into account the width of the cut, subsequent processing of the seat (inner diameter);
routing - the area opposite the cut between the outer/inner diameter is clamped in a vice or slot in a massive structure (porch, gate, post with a fence section), the edges of the blade are unclenched with a mounting tool or a crowbar with constant control of the pitch of the auger turn.

Bending a blade for a screw pile using a crowbar.

You can make multi-start auger blades using the following technology:

marking - the internal diameter is equal to the outer size of the pipe (pile body), the outer diameter is 20 - 30 cm, the resulting ring is divided into two sections into identical half rings;
figured cut – cutting according to markings in any sequence with a professional tool;
installation on a pile - on the peak or pipe it is necessary to create a screw marking, attach the first half-ring, grab it, checking the perpendicularity to the body of the pile, then place the remaining half-rings along the line depending on the required number of turns of the SHS auger. If necessary, bend the half ring a little.

Multi-start blade.

The easiest way is to weld the auger or prefabricated screw segments to the body of the pile, since the cross-section of the pipe is constant throughout its entire length. The conical tip tapers, so the internal diameter of the blade must be smaller in this area. Therefore, the template for this element can be adjusted directly to the site, using sheet material of sufficient rigidity (paronite or cardboard).

Anti-corrosion treatment

For maximum service life, elements pile foundation must be protected from corrosion. Every year, pipes and blades lose 0.01 mm of wall thickness due to rust of the metal immersed in the ground. Experts recommend coating SHS after removing scale from welds with the following compounds:

polyurethane enamel - manufacturers Hempel, Masco, applied to VL05 primer, has a 30-60 year service life;
two-component enamel - modifications IR02 or Zinga Metal, service life 60 - 90 years, created to protect underground metal structures;
fiberglass - applied to a cold zinc coating (IR02 + VL05 primer), provides a 300-400 year service life, successfully resists electrochemical corrosion.

For budget buildings, two-component paint coatings based on epoxy resins are usually used.

Video

After reaching a strong bearing layer, screwing in the pile stops. Now it needs to be cut and filled with concrete. The final installation of the pile foundation is securing the ends of the supports for screw piles to the cut ends. A frame made of a channel, timber or other plinth structure will be fixed to them. The shapes of the heads are different, the simplest is welded: in the form of a metal plate and a mounted ring with stiffeners.

Purpose of heads

The top end of the support is called the pile head. The grillage beam or slab rests on it. For this reason, all the heads of the pile part of the base must be located at the same level. If this condition is not met, the beams and grillage slabs will rest on the piles with a distortion, which will lead to a deterioration in the bearing capacity of the foundation.

In the photo - ready-to-install screw pile heads

Unfortunately, the process of installing piles does not require the heads to be positioned on the same line. When driving screw piles, this procedure is quite difficult, and during the driving process it is simply impossible to align the piles in the same plane. The solution is simple: after being buried in the ground, the supports are cut off or cut down to a level with the correct horizontal line.

The size of the cap depends on the diameter of the pile body and the specific weight of the structure that falls on the cap slab. The inner diameter of the head pipe is slightly larger than the outer size of the pile in order to fit tightly, loosely and deeply onto it. For significant loads on the grillage axis, reinforced caps are used. They are made of high-quality steel with four-sided gussets and coated with an anti-corrosion compound.

Layout of the screw pile head

The caps are identical in size to the dimensions and cross-sectional contour of the pile. The shape of the heads is multivariate: round, square, tee, polygonal. The size of the top of the pile will depend on its type. For example, the dimensions of the head of a screw pile can be fit into a circle Ø 10.8 – 32.5 cm. Reinforced concrete piles are produced in the shape of a square with a side of 20 – 40 cm. Wooden piles can be fit into an irregular circle Ø 18 – 32 cm.

The head of the screw pile is a transitional part that connects the head of the concrete pile with the grillage parts. The type of head depends on the type of structure. A house made of aerated concrete can be built on a foundation made of screw piles without caps: the screwed piles are tied together with a channel and a reinforced concrete slab is laid on them. For a frame or timber house, the presence of caps is desirable. It is attached to the pile as a cover. Typically, such a head is fixed rigidly and does not require welding.

Head types

The head shape can be of two types: T-shaped and U-shaped. All of them are installed on the pile shaft after cutting or trimming its upper part. The installation technology of any version of the cap part depends on the type of pile. For example, the head of a screw pile is mounted by welding, and for a reinforced concrete pile it is installed by pouring it into formwork, which is mounted on top of the cut end.

The photo shows the process of making a head for a screw pile

A beam and slab grillage is mounted on a T-shaped head or on a smooth end. In this case, the supports are buried in the horizontal part of the foundation or support the beam and grillage slab. Only beams are laid on U-shaped heads with the condition that the width of the U-shaped bracket coincides with the thickness of the beam.

There are headers welded and removable. When installing supports manually, removable heads are used. They are also suitable for heavy soil. If the pile is screwed in only to the freezing depth, the remaining part of the pipe is cut off and the head is put on. Removable heads have a glass, 3-6 gussets and a square. Head dimensions: 150x150 or 200x200, for corner piles they can be larger - 150x300 or 200x400.

For piles that are screwed in with a hole drill, welded type heads are used. Their advantage is that when they are on top, water and oxygen do not get inside the support, so the pile is less susceptible to corrosion. Welded heads also have 3-6 gussets and a disk Ø 150, 200, 250 mm with 6 holes.

Features of installation of heads

Cutting down pile heads

In the photo - special equipment for cutting the head of a reinforced concrete pile

The cutting of the heads is carried out after driving or pressing the piles. Remove the section of the reinforced concrete support that rises above the horizontal level of the grillage.

The size of the area to be removed is marked with a marker on the pile shaft. Determine the position of the marker using a level (hydraulic or laser) along the control support.

Standard equipment used for cutting piles is a hydraulic shear and a jackhammer. A manual jackhammer is a budget option due to its low cost. Hydraulic shears have higher cutting quality and cutting speed, but their cost is tens of thousands of rubles.

Algorithm for cutting with a jackhammer:

A cutting line is marked on the piles.
Using a hammer, make a furrow around the support along the marked line.
With vertical strokes, pieces of concrete are removed from support, leaving only the reinforcing frame.
At the last stage, the reinforcement can be cut off or connected to the grillage’s reinforcing frame.

Productivity with this technology is on average 12-15 supports per shift. It is also difficult to predict the quality of work, since a rough tool can destroy part of the support under the cut line.

Hydraulic shears work simpler: a ring-shaped nozzle is put on a support, focusing on the cutting line. Then the cutting edge of the scissors practically bites off the concrete part of the support without touching the reinforcement. The entire operation takes up to 10 minutes. The quality of the cut line is incomparable to the result of a hammer.

Cutting off pile heads

In the photo - cutting a screw pile with a circular saw

The head of the support can not only be chipped, but also cut off. The technology is suitable for all types of piles, because you can cut metal, reinforced concrete, and wood; you only change the cutting tool: disk, chain, milling cutter.

To cut the pile heads, a manual or machine cutting or abrasive tool is used. The standard cutter is a band saw or circular saw, the abrasive cutter is an angle grinder. The cutting technology does not depend on the type of tool.

Mark the cut line on the supports with a marker.
Turn on the grinder or abrasive wheel, maintaining the operating speed.
A calibrating groove is drawn along the marked circle, and the tool is moved in a circle or in a straight line. Heating of the pile and cutting tool is prevented by the coolant.

This method is characterized by high productivity and relatively low cost of the tool. The downside is the impossibility of preserving the reinforcement: the frame is cut off along with the head. In addition, the cutting tool wears out quickly. The tape or disk is restored by updating the angles on the teeth, and the abrasive wheel is completely ground off. Using this technology, you need to plan the cost of replacing the cutting tool.

Installing the head on the pile

The installation of a foundation made of screw piles ends with the cap being secured to each support. Before starting welding work, the area is cleared of paint. The head is installed on the pile and the position is checked with a level. If the site is not laid strictly horizontally, the cause of the crooked fit must be eliminated.

The photo shows the prepared surface of a screw pile for installing the head

Use a file to mark the edge of the head, removing the paint down to the metal layer. Cleaning is carried out with a grinder along the intended line 20-30mm wide. You can install a cleaning disc or cord brush on the grinder. The latter is enough to clean seams and paint on 20 piles. The paint is also removed from the edge of the head. A disk is more suitable for this.

Welding of the head is possible using an inverter converter. Electrodes use universal ones (3mm), welding current ─ 90-100A.

In the photo - welding the head of a screw pile

Standard welding pattern:

Installing the head in the correct position with control of the horizontal plane.
Seizing the head in 2-3 places by spot welding.
Welding the head around the entire perimeter, leaving a seam section of 10-20 mm to ventilate the head inside.

At the last stage, the slag must be removed using a hammer and brush, and while the pile is still warm, the cleaned areas must be covered with paint. We get a durable protective coating.

Pile heads - purpose, design and installation

Pile heads - purpose, design and installation After reaching a strong load-bearing layer, screwing in the pile stops. Now it needs to be cut and filled with concrete. Final montage

After reaching a strong bearing layer, screwing in the pile stops. Now it needs to be cut and filled with concrete. The final installation of the pile foundation is securing the ends of the supports for screw piles to the cut ends. A beam or other base structure will be fixed on them. The shapes of the heads are different, the simplest is welded: in the form of a metal plate and a mounted ring with stiffeners.

Purpose of heads

The photo shows screw pile heads ready for installation.

The size of the cap depends on the diameter of the pile body and the specific weight of the structure that falls on the cap plate. The inner diameter of the head pipe is slightly larger than the outer size of the pile in order to fit tightly, loosely and deeply onto it. For significant axle loads, reinforced ends are used. They are made of high-quality steel with four-sided gussets and coated with an anti-corrosion compound.

Layout of the screw pile head

The caps are identical in size to the dimensions and cross-sectional contour of the pile. The shape of the heads is multivariate: round, square, tee, polygonal. The size of the top of the pile will depend on its type. For example, the dimensions of the head of a screw pile can be fit into a circle Ø 10.8 – 32.5 cm. Reinforced concrete piles are produced in the shape of a square with a side of 20 – 40 cm. They can be fit into an irregular circle Ø 18 – 32 cm.

The head of the screw pile is a transitional part that connects the head of the concrete pile with the grillage parts. The type of head depends on the type of structure. A house made of aerated concrete can be built on a foundation made of screw piles without caps: the screwed piles are tied together with a channel and a reinforced concrete slab is laid on them. The presence of heads is desirable. It is attached to the pile as a cover. Typically, such a head is fixed rigidly and does not require welding.

Head types

The head shape can be of two types: T-shaped and U-shaped. All of them are installed on the pile shaft after cutting or trimming its upper part. The installation technology of any version of the cap part depends on the type of pile. For example, the head of a screw pile is mounted by welding, and is installed by pouring it into formwork, which is mounted on top of the cut end.

The photo shows the process of making the head for a screw pile

Features of installation of heads

Cutting down pile heads

In the photo - special equipment for cutting the head of a reinforced concrete pile

The cutting of the heads is carried out after driving or pressing the piles. Remove the section of the reinforced concrete support that rises above the horizontal level of the grillage.

The size of the area to be removed is marked with a marker on the pile shaft. Determine the position of the marker using a level (hydraulic or laser) along the control support.

Algorithm for cutting with a jackhammer:

A cutting line is marked on the piles.
Using a hammer, make a furrow around the support along the marked line.
With vertical strokes, pieces of concrete are removed from support, leaving only the reinforcing frame.
At the last stage, the reinforcement can be cut off or connected to the grillage’s reinforcing frame.

Productivity with this technology is on average 12-15 supports per shift. It is also difficult to predict the quality of work, since a rough tool can destroy part of the support under the cut line.

Cutting off pile heads

In the photo - cutting a screw pile with a circular saw

Mark the cut line on the supports with a marker.
Turn on the grinder or abrasive wheel, maintaining the operating speed.
A calibrating groove is drawn along the marked circle, and the tool is moved in a circle or in a straight line. Heating of the pile and cutting tool is prevented by the coolant.

Installing the head on the pile

The photo shows the prepared surface of the screw pile for installing the head

Welding of the head is possible using an inverter converter. Electrodes use universal ones (3mm), welding current ─ 90-100A.

In the photo - welding the head of a screw pile

Standard welding pattern:

Installing the head in the correct position with control of the horizontal plane.
Seizing the head in 2-3 places by spot welding.
Welding the head around the entire perimeter, leaving a seam section of 10-20 mm to ventilate the head inside.

At the last stage, the slag must be removed using a hammer and brush, and while the pile is still warm, the cleaned areas must be covered with paint. We get a durable protective coating.

When building a private house, a very important step is laying the foundations. The choice of this design depends on the following factors:

Depending on the type of building being built.
Depending on the type of soil that lies on the land plot.
Depending on the financial situation of the customer.

If the site where construction is planned has a complex, uneven topography, or heaving and waterlogged soils, then in this case it would be advisable to use a pile foundation.

When constructing a private building, the following types of piles can be used:

Screw. They are metal pipes with a screw auger at the bottom. When such a pile rotates around its axis, it sinks into the ground. Afterwards, concrete is poured into them to the required level.
Bored. This type is made of concrete. The soil is drilled with a special garden drill, a frame made of reinforcement is placed in the resulting holes, and concrete is poured. The walls of the pit act as formwork. For loose soils, various pipes can be used.

Head Features

Purpose

The head is the supporting part in the structure of the pile. After all the rods are installed, you need to install horizontal strapping on them. The rods are pipes, how do you put a base on them? This is exactly what the heads are needed for, which are placed on the rod pipe.

This design is a rectangular sheet of metal to which a pipe with stiffeners is welded. This pipe must be larger in diameter than the pile in order to fit freely on it. The plate around the perimeter has holes for fastening. After installation, a grillage is mounted on these elements.

The grillage can be based on the type of occurrence:

Buried.
Not buried.
Suspended.

By type of materials used:

Wood.
Made from metal profiles.
Reinforced concrete.

Types

The following types of heads are available:

With a round cross section.
Rectangular section.
Polygonal.
In the form of a brand.

The form is:

U-shaped.
T-shaped.

By installation method:

Welded. The heads are welded to the body of the pile. First, a connection occurs at three or four points, and then along a circle. An important feature is that the welding seam does not close, leaving a gap of approximately thirty millimeters.
Bolted. Fastening occurs through a bolted connection. Hardware for fastening is best used with a galvanized coating.

According to strength characteristics:

Standard.
Reinforced.

The choice of this product depends on the specific construction conditions; they must be purchased taking into account the design load.

The main factors influencing the choice of this design:

Grillage type and material.
Types of piles used.
Building design.

Installation features

Cutting

The cutting technology can be used for rods made of any material. Wood, metal and reinforced concrete can be cut. The only difference is in the tool used. When cutting wood, a regular saw will do.

For metal you will have to use an angle grinder. When cutting concrete, a special circle is put on this machine. Can also be applied circular saws with various cutting elements.

Cutting equipment can be:

Manual.
Machine tool.

The cutting procedure can be divided into the following stages:

A line for cutting will be marked on the pipe. It is necessary to measure from different sides. When marking on one side, there is a danger of making an uneven cut. This will become clear at the stage of installing the head. During installation it will be very difficult to bring it into a horizontal position.
Using a cutting tool, first saw a small furrow along the cut line.
Next, along this furrow, the pipe is directly sawed off.

This technology has certain advantages:

High productivity.
Low cost of cutting tools.
Easy to implement and does not require the involvement of qualified specialists.

Flaws:

Rapid wear of cutting discs.
This type of work is quite traumatic. Strict compliance with safety requirements is necessary.

Installation

After all the rods are twisted to the design level and cut to the required level, the installation of pile heads begins. We put this element on the rod and draw a mark to which it sits on the pipe.

When constructing a foundation, screw piles are often used among other types of supports. The main advantage of this type of piles is their moderate cost. In addition, such supporting elements make it possible to adjust the height of the base of the entire structure and erect buildings in areas with heterogeneous terrain. At the final stage of foundation construction, caps are installed on the upper ends of the supporting structures.

Purpose

The building element called the head is a metal plate with a short pipe and stiffeners welded to it. The cap covers the upper end of the pile after it is buried. It is attached to the supporting element by welding or bolting.

The function of the caps is to become a support for subsequent levels of the superstructure and evenly distribute the load on the foundation from the entire structure. Construction slabs and beams will rest on the plane of the heads. They can also be used to fasten timber. In this regard, all supporting elements must be located at the same level relative to each other.

But in most cases, it is simply impossible to drive piles to exactly the same depth. To ensure a level plane for installing slabs and beams, the upper ends of the piles are cut flush with a single horizontal line.

Also, thanks to the installation of an end cap, the degree of damage to the pile by corrosion is significantly reduced.

Heads can be of different shapes and types depending on the type and configuration of piles used in the construction.

The end elements are made from high-strength structural steel. For additional protection, the heads are coated with alkyd-based primers.

Types of supporting elements:

Screw. Such piles are metal pipes of various diameters with a screw base. When the metal support rotates, it sinks into the ground to the required depth. To secure the supporting element after deepening into the pipe cavity, concrete solution is poured. The diameter dimensions of such support structures vary from 108 mm to 325 mm.
Bored or concrete base. Installation requires drilling through the soil. A frame made of reinforcement is placed in the recesses and concrete is poured.

Advantages of screw piles:

hold the structure well during extensive floods;
can be used for construction on unstable soils and heterogeneous terrain;
installation of supporting elements can be carried out in any weather conditions, including frost;
uniform distribution of the load from the entire structure, with the exception of foundation overloads and distortions;
allow for controlled lifting of the structure above ground level.

Kinds

Heads for screw piles have a base in the form of a round short pipe of various diameters.

The end elements for piles primarily differ in the shape of the top plate. They can be U- and T-shaped.

U-shaped elements have brackets on their surface. They are mounted on piles for subsequent laying of beams or timber on them. Moreover, it is important to choose the width of the brackets that strictly matches the size of the beams.

The second type of head has a completely smooth surface. A tile grillage can also be laid on it.

The next parameter of pile caps is the diameter of the plate and tubular base. These dimensions depend on the diameter of the supporting elements installed at the base of the foundation of the structure being built.

The minimum diameter of the round pipe of the lower part of the head is 57 mm. The maximum load that can be placed on such a base is no more than 800 kg. Such thin piles are usually used for the construction of lightweight buildings and structures: garages, sheds, gazebos.

The most common in private construction are piles of medium size and strength. Their diameter is 89 mm. They are even used in peat and wetlands for the construction of country houses, bathhouses, fences, and garages.

The maximum size of the head base is 108 mm. It is mounted on a thick and durable support. Such structures can withstand a weight of up to 3.5 tons. They can be buried in any type of soil. They are used to construct supports for heavy buildings and structures, including bridges.

Head caps can also be welded or removable. The first type is attached to the base by welding. Removable end elements can be secured with bolts.

Pile adjustment

To give the supporting elements the same height, they are cut or trimmed. This process is somewhat labor-intensive and requires skill, but it can still be done with your own hands.

Stages of work:

At the beginning, you should select a control support pile. It is its height that will need to be guided when correcting the length of other supporting elements.
On the remaining supports, a marker is used to draw a line along which the pipe will be cut or trimmed. Horizontal consistency should be checked with a laser or hydraulic level.
The ends of the support elements are cut off using a heavy jackhammer. The cutting line is first cleaned with a file. The blow is applied horizontally along the top edge of the pipe.
You can use a grinder or an abrasive saw to cut the base pipes. The cut is made along the line marked with a marker, moving along the diameter of the base or towards the center of the pile.
Another option for cutting the ends of piles is the use of hydraulic equipment. Renting it, let alone purchasing it, is not cheap. However, this method makes it possible to make a very even cut, without damaging or chipping the entire base.

Installation of ends:

Prepared piles should be cleaned of paint using grinding equipment.
The head is placed on the base. Using a level, check that it is horizontal.
Preliminary welding of the element is carried out in 3-4 places by spot welding.
Using a welding machine, the head is welded around the entire circumference. A small area of 5-10 cm should be left unwelded. It is necessary for the passage of air and ventilation inside the base pipe.
The weld seam should be cleaned and paint or primer applied.