Quick home with your own hands. Building a house with your own hands: we build a house from timber in stages. Choosing a location on the site

The modern trend is that many residents of large cities would not mind living closer to nature, in their own home. The demand for suburban areas is constantly growing, construction on them is expanding.

Of course, the easiest way is to hire a team of builders who will take on the main load. But for most Russians it is common to try everything on their own, so many people practice building a house with their own hands on a purchased plot.

For central and northern Russia, the traditional building material has always been wood, and despite the variety of other possibilities, wooden houses have not lost their popularity. However, in this matter, technology does not stand still, and instead of log houses, houses are being actively built from round timber from timber.

This table provides information on the sizes of rafter legs depending on their length:

Rafter length in mm	Distance between rafters in mm	Sectional size of timber for rafters mm
Up to 3000	1200	80×100
Up to 3000	1800	90×100
Up to 4000	1000	80×160
Up to 4000	1400	80×180
Up to 4000	1800	90×180
Up to 5000	1000	80×200
Up to 5000	1400	100×200

So that when the walls shrink, which is inevitable to one degree or another, the entire roof system does not become distorted, (the upper beam of the wall) is carried out using sliding fasteners. These elements will allow the rafter legs to move a little without disturbing in in this design.

At the top, the rafters can be fastened in different ways - it can be a ridge board, or they are fastened together with a metal plate.
The next step is to install the remaining elements of the rafter system - these are racks, tie rods, headstock and others. The need for specific additional elements is determined by the size and complexity of the roof structure.

The installed rafters are covered with sheathing, which is covered with a vapor barrier film on top.
Next, on top pl Then a counter-lattice is installed or plywood is laid - this will depend on what roofing material is chosen for the roof.
The next stage is the installation of roofing material.

When the roof is laid and secured, it should be insulated. Thermal insulation materials (most often mineral wool is chosen for this purpose) are laid on the attic side between the rafters. The insulation is covered with a vapor barrier film, which is attached to the rafters using a stapler.

Next, the attic subfloor is hemmed onto the attic floor beams, which will simultaneously serve as the ceiling for the underlying rooms. It is fixed from the outside room from the outside in the attic, after laying the film, it is laid (or filled) between the beams. The work can be carried out in a different sequence when the boards are nailed from the outside attic, and installation of insulation and ceiling boards or plywood is carried out from the outside premises.

Step-by-step instructions for arranging and insulating various types can be found in a special section of our portal.

Prices for various types of fasteners for rafters

Rafter fasteners

Wooden floor installation

The floors in the house must be installed after the roof has been covered, in order to prevent unnecessary wetting of the materials if it suddenly rains.

The floor can be arranged according to different patterns, but the most common is the one in which a subfloor is provided.

The first step is to lay floor beams on the protruding part of the strip foundation or on an additional beam connecting the columnar foundation. They can be made of timber or boards, which are installed on an edge. The size of these parts is selected depending on the span between the walls. For reference, you can use the following table:

Beam section in mm	Span width in mm
	3000	3500	4000	4500	5000	5500	6000
Boards	Step of installation of beams from boards or beams on the basement floor
50×160	800	600	450	-	-	-	-
50×200	1250	900	700	550	450	-	-
80×180	1200	1200	900	700	550	450	-
Bruschi
140×180	-	-	1550	1200	1000	800	700
150×200	-	-	-	1650	1300	1000	900
160×220	-	-	-	2000	1700	1400	1100

Beams can be fastened using metal corners or studs, but the latter will have to be embedded in the foundation in advance.

If the walls of the house are installed on a strip foundation, it is recommended to fill the entire area between its walls with fine-grained concrete, which will become an additional insulation for the floor. In addition, rodents cannot tolerate it, which means they will not be able to get into the house through it. Expanded clay is poured with a thickness of 100 ÷ 150 mm.
Next, in order to lay the subfloor, it is necessary to secure the cranial bars to the covering beams. They are nailed or screwed to the bottom of each beam.

Subfloor boards are laid on the cranial bars. Here you can use material that is not of the highest quality.

If expanded clay is poured between the “black” and “white” floors, then it is recommended to make a flooring of vapor barrier film or glassine on the boards, and only after that can the insulation be poured.

More often, mineral wool is placed between the floor beams. If this material is chosen, then it is better to purchase basalt, as the most environmentally friendly of all its types.

If this is possible, it is preferable to use ecowool for insulation, which is made from cellulose fibers and is therefore absolutely safe.

You should not use polystyrene foam or materials made on its basis as insulation. Over time, this material begins to release fumes into the air that are not harmless to humans.

Any insulation must be covered with another layer on top, which will not allow lint and dust from the insulation to penetrate into the house and will not allow accidentally spilled water to pass down. The film is secured to the floor beams with staples.
Next, onto the beams, on top pl enka, a ventilation block is attached, which will allow air to circulate under the boardwalk, which will contribute to the long-term preservation of the floor.
After this, you can move on to laying the plank floor.

The boards are not laid close to the wall, but with a distance of approximately 5 mm from it - this gap is necessary to ensure ventilation.

The boards are fastened together using tongue-and-groove joints cut on the sides of the boards. It is recommended to nail them to the floor beams not through the top, but into the groove of the board. This work must be done very carefully so as not to split part of the floorboard. You can use thin screws instead of nails.

The final stage in arranging a wooden floor is attaching the baseboards to the walls.

After constructing the house, arranging the roof and roofing, ceilings and floors, it is necessary to address the issues of installing windows and doors. (after a certain shrinkage of the walls has occurred). And the last stage will be the process of wall insulation (if necessary) and their external façade finishing. You can learn how to do this correctly from the corresponding article.

So, building a house from timber yourself is quite possible, especially if you have helpers who are at least a little familiar with the art of construction. And in order not to get into trouble with the calculations, the best option would still be to order the preparation of materials for the house from a specialized organization. Craftsmen will carry out this work according to a given project with professional precision, and you can try to assemble the structure yourself with assistants, saving a considerable amount of money.

And, traditionally, at the end of the article - a video with advice from professionals.

Video - Features of building a house from timber

Video - Mistakes when building houses from profiled timber

Our young family built this house for 3.5 years, and our parents on both sides and my husband’s brother helped us. At first they built on weekends and vacations, and after that they happily devoted almost all their free time to it. And although it was not easy, I remember these moments with such warmth! All stages were captured - as a result, today we have more than 1800 photographs and a wealth of experience behind us. But first things first.

By a happy coincidence, around 2000, my husband’s parents got tired of traveling to their dacha 60 km from the city, and 20 acres of land were sold. A new plot of land was found 3 km from the city - 6 acres of country land with a small shed.

At that time, the intended purpose of this land was clearly a vegetable garden, but life made its own adjustments. My husband and I met at the university and after a couple of years of close relationship we started thinking about the housing issue: a job placement with the opportunity to move to different parts of the country was hanging in the balance. Therefore, we decided to take root next to our parents. Our families could not afford to buy an apartment, and besides, we also had to think about solving this issue for my husband’s brother. Then the idea of building my own house was born. I really liked the idea, because I myself grew up in a private house and was well aware of its advantages over a city apartment.

We were aware that everything would not be easy at all, but we did not deviate from our plan. Having found out that the previously introduced restrictions on the area and configuration of the garden house no longer apply, we started with the project. By the way, the Internet helped us in everything, where there were answers to any questions, which allowed us, who were not related to construction, to still get down to business on our own.

The sketch of the house was developed in the 3Dhome program. The box was designed to be rectangular (the best in terms of price/quality) and divided into 2 halves (our family and my husband’s brother’s family). Then we turned to one of the architectural firms, where for a small amount (we’ll write about the financial side in more detail at the very end) our drawing was implemented into a multi-page project (however, it still had to be finalized later); a separate pile of documentation was the design of utility networks.

In the fall of 2008, preparations began - the fertile layer of soil was removed, the foundation (12.8 × 7.6 m) was marked, and a trench was dug for it using a small excavator.

True, the next day it rained heavily, and everything collapsed... There were even thoughts about stopping work until spring (they say it was a bad omen). However, we decided to try again. I’ll say right away that that unfortunate rain became the biggest problem during the entire construction period.

The second time (we dug by hand, with shovels, standing chest-deep in a trench) turned out to be more successful. The final depth of the trench was 150 cm; the foundation rose 1 m above ground level at the lowest point of the site (a total of 51 m³ of concrete was used).

The pillow and reinforcement were made in accordance with the project. We made it just in time for the first snow. During the thaw, they dug a basement (3.5 × 5 × 2.2 m) under one of the future kitchens - and froze until spring.

In March 2009, having already missed construction, they began to make formwork for the ceiling between the basement and the future room, and soon they filled it (18 cm thick). Thus, the foundation for the load-bearing walls was ready.

Next stage. 75 m³ of gas silicate blocks 40 cm thick were brought, which with our hands, under the strict guidance of a familiar mason, were slowly transformed into walls. We made the lintels above the windows ourselves (by pouring a reinforced strip of concrete into a cut groove along the upper edge of the blocks placed close together), and we made a reinforced concrete belt between the floors.

The foundation for the partitions was made shallow. Here we made a mistake - we did not take into account the clayiness of the soil and did not backfill with sand, as a result of which in the first winter frost heaving lifted the partitions, and they, being in places tied to the load-bearing block walls, developed cracks at the joints. Which, however, did not happen again, since the next winter the house was already heated. The ceiling between the floors was made of wood - beams 200 × 100 per edge every 80 cm.

Then the second floor began, and behind it the gables. We were afraid to tackle the roof ourselves and turned to specialists who dealt with it in 2 weeks

They laid vapor and waterproofing films, insulation (between the 2nd floor and the attic), and left a manhole. The roof covering is metal tiles (roof area 140 sq. m, the most affordable configuration is gable).

We decided to make the partitions on the second floor plasterboard, and taking into account the prices of the profile, we replaced it with wooden blocks, sawn from inherited boards.

With the arrival of spring, we ordered windows (double-glazed windows 6-4-4 for sound insulation, since there is a railway nearby), finished the wiring and built the frame of the future stairs to the second floor - welded from a metal square and a corner. To give it a comfortable climbing angle, the staircase was designed so that it “cut off” part of the bathroom.

They started working on the attic only in May, which, frankly speaking, was very inconvenient - even at 20 degrees outside in sunny May weather, in the attic you feel like you’re in a steam room! We covered the floor with a board with a selected quarter - we even bought a machine for this (in the expectation that we would also process the boards for the finished floor in the house). But here we clearly overestimated the capabilities of a household woodworking machine.

By this time, we had graduated from the university and, upon moving out of the dormitory, we happily moved into a growing house - work immediately became more fun. At this point, the first stage was completed, and we moved on to finishing: finishing screed, plastering of brick walls inside with beacons, gas silicate walls without beacons, plaster outside (a total of 220 25-kilogram bags of plaster mortar were used!), plasterboard ceilings on wooden profiles... Here It must be said that July 2010 broke all temperature records, and it was possible to work in accordance with the conditions indicated on the packaging of the plaster solution (not higher than +25ºС) only in the morning and evening.

Using a folding attic ladder system we spotted in hardware stores, we tried to do something similar - it turned out quite well! The lock was replaced with a clip of magnets for cabinets: smooth opening is ensured by several door springs. Folding into three, the ladder fits perfectly into the manhole space, covered from below with an insulated lid.

Then we took up the internal plumbing and heating system from a double-circuit boiler with an open combustion chamber with a capacity of 25 kW (by the way, during the last heating period, 150 sq. m “ate” 2830 m³ of gas). Gas was supplied to the site two years ago. When it came to introducing it into the house, it turned out that supplying gas underground required expensive design work, “introducing a new point,” etc. It turned out to be much easier to conduct it by air, on supports. Moreover, plans for the construction of a garage in the future were taken into account (and the location of the foundations, according to the standards, should be no closer than 2 m from underground gas pipelines). That's what we did.

After the main interior work, we returned to the street again: we lined the roof with soffit, insulated the foundation, plastered it, built a carport and fenced off the future tiled area (blind area). \

We worked inside throughout the late fall, winter, and early spring of 2011. The ceilings, as already written, were made of plasterboard. True, we slightly shortened the scheme for its finishing: only the seams were filled with putty after gluing them with sickle and the places where the screws were screwed in, and the sheet of drywall itself was only painted.

And then the fun began - the house had to be filled with colors and gain individuality. The wallpaper was bought from Belarusian paper with the expectation that it would soon be painted anyway, and the variety of patterns and colors was pleasing - there was plenty to choose from.

The bedroom was designed in African motifs (we dream of visiting Kenya!). We made the bed with our own hands so that it was both wide and not very high, and there were drawers under it (we couldn’t find one like this in stores with a reasonable price).

The footprints of a large cat were depicted on the floor under the varnish and stain.

There will definitely be paintings hanging above the bed, someday brought from Africa itself!

The lamps for the bedroom and corridors were made from fabric and a wooden frame, as well as from threads passed through glue onto an inflated balloon.

It’s interesting that we glued the ceiling skirting boards to styrofoam, which, according to the instructions, should have set in 10 minutes. But for some reason they fell off - we had to temporarily prop them up with floor skirting boards.

We hung the curtain rods, chose fabric for the curtains, which we simply processed on a sewing machine. And the side holders were made of thick wire bent to 2/3 of the circumference, coated with golden paint. The cornices in the hallway are made from ordinary dried sticks, covered with stain and varnish.

In the gap between the wall and the ventilation shaft, shelves were installed from the remnants of chipboard after assembling the wardrobe.

After preliminary leveling, the floor in the kitchen was covered with linoleum, which we have never regretted. The table was made from a piece of chipboard, always with rounded edges. We glued a decorative film on top and wrapped the whole thing around the perimeter with a furniture PVC profile.

Then it was the turn of the tiles.

At the same time, the staircase was finished: the remains of the floorboard were used for the steps. The space under the stairs was covered with plasterboard - it turned out to be a mini-wardrobe. The railings were sawn from wooden blocks; we couldn’t resist buying balusters to start and complete the railing.

The veranda serves as a temperature buffer between the street and the house. At first we were going to make it heated, but later we abandoned this idea - it was unprofitable. We installed an original bench-stand for shoes. On the door they hung a horseshoe from a large draft horse found by our parents, which they cleaned of rust, painted with gold paint and presented to us.

During the winter of 2011-2012, a plan to build a hexagonal gazebo matured, which came to fruition this spring. The foundation was made as a strip foundation, buried 10 cm, 12 cm wide, on a high sand cushion. The pillars are 2 5 × 12 cm boards sewn together, 2.2 m high. The distance between the pillars is 1.5 m. The roof was made with an angle of 25°, the assembled rafters were covered with film, and then with an overlapping board. In heavy rain, water still seeps between the boards, but it flows safely down the film, it’s been checked. After sanding, they were coated with profitex, and the benches, railings and table were also varnished. The floor was tiled.

The most enjoyable part of any construction work is, of course, the finishing touches. Using an old wooden cart wheel we found, we made a lamp - it looks like it turned out beautifully. The ceiling from below was hemmed with burlap. The path to the gazebo was paved with round apple trees cut from old apple trees, uprooted before the construction of the house, with fine gravel sprinkled between them.

Now we are happy to beautify the area around the house: we have placed several “antique” baskets purchased from a village craftsman in the distant Zheludok, Grodno region (we have relatives there). We made an “alpine hill”, which should bloom with all the colors of the rainbow this year. We planted a small but very fluffy blue Christmas tree. And there are many more ideas in the plans!

Our beloved house is very dear to us! Knowing in detail about the origin of every detail, you approach it completely differently. To be honest, we enjoyed building so much that if finances had allowed, we would have started building another house!

How much money did it all cost?

Since construction began with a small starting capital, “strict financial reporting” was very important to us, and today we are happy to share it with you. The total area of our house was 150 square meters. m (75 per brother, excluding the area of the attic and basement). The average cost per square meter for our half was $298, the total cost of the house was $42,000 (excluding my brother’s finishing touches). The cost structure was as follows:

Of this amount, expenses for wages of hired workers amounted to a total of $3,620, the rest was construction materials.

Perhaps the story turned out to be overloaded with numbers and too dry, but we tried to present as much as possible not only general, but also specialized information that may help someone decide to build their own home. Believe me, we have never regretted it! We wish you good luck in solving the endless housing problem!

From this article you can learn how to build your own house with your own hands at minimal cost and choose the optimal material for this. The text describes possible ways to save money and tips on how to avoid mistakes during work. The article examines the features of projects based on frame technology, brick, timber, gas blocks and other materials, as well as the cost-effectiveness of each of them.

Building a house from scratch always comes with high costs. Not every owner of a suburban area can afford to implement such a project, regardless of the numbers in the estimate. In most cases, you have to build a cheap home yourself to fit within your budget. However, when resorting to savings, you need to clearly understand in what cases it will be reasonable, since subsequently the owner himself and his relatives will have to live in this building.

Which house is cheaper to build?: choosing an economical project

Savings begin with the rational allocation of funds and the correct choice of project. The more complex the shape and architecture of the building, the higher the costs will be.

After choosing a suitable project, you can build a house cheaply and quickly, but for this you need to take into account the following nuances:

Simple layout and building diagram.
Minimum amount of area.
Optimal materials.
Use of substandard formwork.
The right approach to land work.

Important! You should not skimp on the quality of materials or technical supervision when constructing an expensive project. It is better to limit your choice to a small building with a regular roof and without complex architectural elements, then you will not have to resort to cutting costs.

By choosing a project with a minimum number of architectural forms, you can increase the chances of fitting into a limited budget. To develop the optimal home layout, you need to use space wisely. For one person, 11 m² of space is enough. By multiplying this indicator by the number of family members, and adding general purpose rooms and sanitary facilities to the result, you can get a house that is optimal in all respects.

No matter how difficult the soil on the site is, you need to buy suitable materials to build a house. When choosing what to build a house from, you should not strive for maximum savings at the expense of quality. The same applies to the services of specialists hired to perform work that cannot be done by hand, or to prepare documentation with the appropriate permits. If you take light-weight materials, you can reduce the load on the foundation part and get by with the construction of a simplified foundation.

Significant savings can be achieved by using substandard forms for the construction of formwork structures. At the same time, it is highly undesirable to reduce costs on cement. The grade of material must be of high quality, otherwise premature destruction of the structure will occur.

By calculating the correct depth level based on the mass of the building, you can prevent severe shrinkage of the house. This will reduce the risk of cracks and other defects that may require significant repair costs in the future.

How to build a house with your own hands: photos of projects from different materials

If the construction will be done with your own hands, it is necessary to calculate the costs - preliminary drawing up an estimate. The most economical and fastest method of construction is frame technology. Such structures are stable, practical and not subject to deformation changes. The service life of houses built using frame technology is about 75 years. There are no restrictions on the use of cladding.

The time frame for building a house with your own hands using frame technology usually takes several months. In some cases, you can limit yourself to a few weeks.

There are two types of frame technology:

Panel.
Panel.

Note! It is possible to build an inexpensive house using frame technology if the length of the building does not exceed 20 m and there are no more than 3 floors. In other cases, such a project will be costly.

Frame-panel technology allows you to carry out construction with your own hands. This process consists of the following steps:

making a frame from wood;
laying waterproofing and insulation;
installation of panels as cladding.

In this case, the speed of construction of the building is significantly reduced, since each element is mounted separately.

Frame-panel technology does not require much effort, it is reliable, but is accompanied by higher costs than the previous option. This method involves building a house based on ready-made factory-produced panels. The owner of the summer cottage will only have to correctly assemble all the structural elements

When deciding what to build an inexpensive and high-quality house from, in most cases developers give preference to the following materials:

brick;
wooden beam;
gas blocks.

Based on these materials, you can create a beautiful and comfortable home with your own hands. In each case, construction will have certain advantages and disadvantages.

Frame technology: what to build a house from inexpensively and with high quality, pros and cons

Using frame technology, the owner of a summer cottage deals with both the advantages and disadvantages of this method.

The positive side of this method is as follows:

Cost-effective – technology allows you to create cheap housing yourself.
Lighter weight of the building - due to this, the foundation part of the building can be simplified.
High speed of construction.
No shrinkage - the walls are not subject to deformation changes.
The walls retain heat well, so it becomes possible to reduce heating costs.

Warming up of frame houses occurs quite quickly. Since the walls are made of materials with low thermal conductivity, heat loss is minimal.

There are not many disadvantages of frame technology. This method requires at least minimal experience in construction, so before starting work, it is advisable to get advice from specialists, read technical information and watch visual video reviews. Only in this case will the use of frame technology be economically justified.

In addition, wood needs impregnation, so you will have to additionally purchase special products that provide protection from the influence of negative factors:

fire;

insects;
water, etc.

Note! It is advisable to provide a good ventilation system in the house. This is especially true for buildings with several floors.

You can cheaply build a house using frame technology from wood or metal. In the first case, the material does not weigh down the building; the walls of such a house breathe and maintain optimal climatic conditions. If you use metal, then a lightweight thermal profile is ideal for construction.

Related article:

Classification, constituent materials, technological parameters and dimensions. Characteristics, price-quality ratio.

Advantages of thermal profile:

complete fire safety;

there is no need to use biological protection;
light weight.

In many ways, metal is much better than wood, but it is very important to monitor its condition and provide protection from corrosion. Each site owner decides for himself what is cheaper to build a house from, although it should be borne in mind that the service life of a metal profile is much longer than that of wood. As a foundation, you can use a shallow strip, pile or slab foundation.

Features of building a brick house with your own hands

Brick is considered one of the most popular materials used for the construction of private and country houses. However, it is not very suitable for those who seek to reduce construction time and limit themselves to minimal costs.

Disadvantages of building brick buildings:

the need to manufacture very thick panels for walls;
the formation of brickwork takes a lot of time;
the building is subject to shrinkage;
a mixture is required to fix the bricks;
heavy weight of the building, requiring a powerful and reliable foundation.

In this case, savings are impossible, since you will have to deepen the foundation to the point where the soil freezes, hire specialists for this, or rent equipment. Therefore, when choosing what to build a house cheaply from, you should not use brick, which is more suitable for creating high-quality and durable buildings.

Long and labor-intensive work on laying walls is an important disadvantage in construction

The advantages of brick construction are manifested in the following cases:

the construction of a house is carried out “for centuries”;
the site has suitable soil parameters and the required level of the aquifer;
the owner is experienced enough to do all the work himself;
the developer has enough time.

If all the above conditions are met, the cost of building a house will be justified.

Features of building an inexpensive house from aerated blocks

Gas blocks are ideal for building an economical house. These elements come in a wide variety of sizes and shapes. The technology for working with them is very simple, so you can easily build a house with your own hands.

Does not require insulation

Advantages of using gas blocks:

the ability to reduce wall thickness without compromising energy savings;
lighter weight of the building and the possibility of saving on the foundation part;
durability;
practicality;
high level of sound insulation.

Note! A house made of aerated blocks has its own characteristics, so you will need to carefully select the finishing and perform high-quality waterproofing work.

Building a house yourself using aerated blocks is beneficial for many other reasons. Such buildings are practically not subject to shrinkage. The work will require the purchase of a special adhesive composition, but construction time is reduced to a minimum, and the consumption of the fixing solution is reduced three times.

How to quickly and inexpensively build a house from timber with your own hands

Building a wooden house is much more profitable than building a building based on aerated concrete or brick. This technology is simpler and more accessible. Housing made of timber is very warm. If you comply with all the requirements, such a structure will be quite durable and will last a long time.

For construction, it is better to take timber with a section size of 200 mm. You will also need a layer of insulation with a thickness of at least 100 mm. The walls are covered with a 2-3 cm layer of plaster. The result is a cost-effective, attractive home whose service life will be several decades.

When, you need to pay attention to the quality of materials

What are the advantages of building a house with your own hands from wood:

All work can be done by yourself.
Low cost of material.
High level of thermal insulation.
Short construction time.
Light weight of the building.

Timber is perfect for building an inexpensive house as an alternative to blocks and bricks. However, you will need to carefully study the features of this process.

An important advantage of the building is its low cost.

What is cheaper to build a house from?: Brief overview of prices

When selecting materials for cheap and fast construction, you need to consider some factors:

soil features;
project specificity;
conditions of the development site.

It should also be taken into account that the most expensive part is paying for the services of workers, so many site owners are interested in how to quickly build a house on their own.

Average prices for building houses:

Building type	Price, rub./m²
Frame	890
From timber	1950
From aerated concrete	2000
Brick	2350

If you do not take into account the features of the site, the table shows that the most economical building is a house built using frame technology.

Note! The prices in the table are based on average indicators: the soil freezing level is 1.5 m, groundwater lies at a depth of 2.5 m.

How to build a house with your own hands: description of technology

Before you begin work on arranging a house on your own site, you should determine the order of work.

Main stages of construction:

Making the foundation.
Creating a box.
Laying communication systems (electricity and plumbing).
Installation of ceilings.
Construction of the roof.
Finishing work.

Lightening the foundation is the most effective way to reduce costs. It works provided that lightweight material is chosen for the construction of the walls. If a pile, slab or shallow foundation is used, the foundation is constructed at a level of 0.5 m. After this, waterproofing work is carried out.

How to build a houseon your own: creating a box

To find out how much material is needed to build a box, you should use a special formula. To do this, it is necessary to divide the total area of the building, which is measured in m3, by the amount of piece material contained in 1 m3.

If you want to make construction as economical as possible, you should not use brick; other materials are suitable for these purposes:

adobe;
foam concrete;
aerated concrete;
beam;
shell rock

Of all the listed materials, shell rock is able to offer the highest vapor permeability. Thanks to this, it becomes possible to reduce the cost of organizing thermal insulation, but in this case good waterproofing will be required. In a house made of shell rock, it is necessary to strengthen the door and window openings. You can use metal corners for this.

How to build a housewith your own hands: using insulation

When the building frame is ready, work is carried out to insulate it. The most reliable and proven materials are glass wool and mineral wool. You should not save on the quantity and quality of rolls, because the more carefully the work aimed at insulation is carried out, the lower the cost of heating the house in the future will be. There is another positive feature - the service life of the building increases, and the need for restoration and repair of the building will not arise soon.

Drywall is suitable for making internal partitions in a box. Sheets of this material are affordable and allow you to create lightweight structures of any shape while maintaining high strength.

The use of metal profiles will strengthen the walls. These elements are easily fixed and sheathed using plasterboard sheets. Such work does not require high costs and is completed very quickly.

How to build a house with your own hands: organization of heating, water supply and sewerage

A gas boiler is suitable as heating equipment for a private home. The use of a furnace and a water circuit is permitted. Of course, operating the stove is accompanied by some difficulties, but it allows you to save money, unlike gas heating.

Helpful advice! Solar panels are an excellent alternative heating option. However, it is only suitable for regions with a lot of sunny days.

When organizing water supply and sewerage, it is better to give preference to systems, since they are economical. In order to drill a well, the appropriate conditions will be required; the process itself is quite simple. At the same time, the owner of the site receives a constant supply of water to the house, regardless of centralized systems.

To organize a sewer system, you can build a septic tank on the site. The design will require proper installation and selection of equipment, but the work will be performed one-time. A high-quality septic tank will allow you to forget about problems such as blockages in pipes, etc. for a long time.

How to build a house quickly: work on organizing floors and roofing

The construction of the floor and roof can also be done independently. Wood beams should be used in the work. It is first necessary to secure a reinforced belt around the entire perimeter of the building.

To build a house with your own hands at minimal cost, it is better to use materials from the budget segment to organize the roof:

slate sheets;

ondulin;
corrugated sheeting;

All of the listed materials can be found on store shelves in a wide range, so it will not be difficult to choose a coating of the required color or configuration. To increase the strength of the roof fixation, it is recommended to build a lathing. Additional insulation of the entire structure would not hurt. This will prevent heat leakage through the roof. Glass wool is suitable for this. Reeds, wood, and straw can be used as environmentally friendly roofing materials.

How to build a house yourself: flooring technology

Concrete floors are the most simplified option. To do this, you need to organize a screed and fill everything with cement mortar. All that remains is to insulate the base and perform the finishing touches.

Technology for manufacturing concrete floors:

cleaning the base from debris and dust;
clay bedding as a waterproofing layer;
formation of a sand and gravel cushion;
laying waterproofing;
installation of thermal insulation material (foam plastic, basalt wool, foamed polystyrene or expanded clay);
reinforcement with metal rods or mesh;
installation of guides;
preparing and pouring the solution;
alignment.

Helpful advice! If the screed is done on the upper floors, additional reinforcement of the floors must be performed.

How to build a house inexpensively: interior decoration

Interior decoration depends on the imagination and budgetary capabilities of the owner. Suitable finishing materials for the floor:

tile;
laminate;
linoleum, etc.

Tile is considered the most practical and resistant to mechanical damage material. It is easy to clean, and due to the use of the “Warm Floor” system, this finish will not be cold.

With the help of suspended ceilings you can visually expand the interior space of a small house. The glossy surface creates a beautiful decorative effect due to the reflection of light. Structural elements such as openings, niches, and arches will be an excellent interior decoration. To make these parts, it is better to use metal profiles and plasterboard sheets.

The following materials can be used as finishing for wall surfaces:

wallpaper for painting;
decorative plaster;
wood.

As for technical supervision, it is better to involve an experienced builder or engineer in resolving this issue, since not a single article or video can help to fully understand the features of this process. Also, you should not skimp on communication systems, convenient access to the yard and other aspects that provide comfort. When entrusting the development of a project to professionals, it is very important to get the opinions of different specialists. The actions of the foreman and the designer must be coordinated.

Based on the information presented in the article, we can come to the conclusion that building a house with your own hands without construction experience is quite possible. To do this, you will need to calculate the cost and required amount of material in advance, study the technology and draw up a work plan, as well as allocate time in your schedule. The rest depends on effort and determination.

How to build your own house with your own hands: video- technology overview

Any construction always involves expenses, and considerable ones at that. But even if your budget is small, you shouldn’t give up trying to get your own home, because you can always build a house inexpensively if you know where and how you can save. However, it is worth understanding that any savings should not be at the expense of the strength, comfort, beauty and durability of the home. In our article we will tell you how to quickly build a house with your own hands and at the same time get by on a minimal budget.

Ways to save

Let's start with the fact that it is, of course, possible to build a house cheaply, but since you and your family will live in it, the quality of the construction should not suffer. Moreover, the completed house should not be:

Too small. The usable area of the building should meet the needs of your family.
Inconvenient. It is necessary to choose a layout option in which all family members will feel comfortable and cozy in such a house. It is equally important to provide for zoning of the house, separating the sleeping (quiet) area from the living room, kitchen and hallway.
A well-built home does not have to be expensive. To build a cheap house, you can use inexpensive but high-quality materials, economical construction technologies and simple installation methods.

To make your home quickly and inexpensively, you can save money in the following ways:

At the very initial stage, you can save on choosing a project. Moreover, we are talking not only about the use of a standard project instead of custom-made designs, but also about economical planning solutions, as well as the selection of durable and inexpensive structures.
To build a house cheaper, you can save on finishing work. That is, you should use the simplest and most inexpensive finishing materials for walls, floors and ceilings, and inexpensive plumbing fixtures. This will not reduce the comfort of living in the house, but the savings are obvious.
It is better to carry out the purchase and delivery of materials yourself, rather than entrusting them to a contractor. This way you can control everything and choose less expensive materials.
It is much cheaper to build your own house than to hire a team of workers. But this option can be implemented if building houses is at least a little familiar to you.

This is not worth saving on

If you decide to build the cheapest house, but want it to be warm and economical, then in no case should you skimp on the following things:

If you entrust the construction process to a team of workers, then you should not skimp on technical supervision. Even if you have at least some knowledge about the construction process and materials, you still will not be able to fully control the quality and correctness of all construction work. And the strength and durability of the entire building depends on this.
Even if you buy a standard house project, it is worth ordering it in relation to your area and climatic conditions. This way you can build an inexpensive house, the design solutions of which will be adapted to your climatic conditions, soil characteristics, and groundwater levels. It would also be useful to perform a thermal engineering calculation of the thickness of the enclosing structures so that the house is warm in winter, and there is also no waste of materials on excessively thick walls and insulation.
If you decide to build an inexpensive house, then you should not skimp on engineering systems and communications, because the comfort of your stay in the house depends on this. Electricity supply, water, sewerage and good heating - all this must be of high quality and work properly for a long time.

Economical housing construction options

To build a house inexpensively, you need to choose the optimal construction technology. Today, several technologies are known that allow you to build a house quickly and inexpensively:

frame-panel housing construction;
frame-panel houses;
construction of a house from timber;
use of aerated concrete blocks.

The construction of prefabricated houses using each of the above technologies has its pros and cons. So that you can choose the best construction option, which will allow you to build a house relatively inexpensively and quickly, it is worth studying the advantages and disadvantages of each technology.

Frame house construction

The construction speed using this technology is the highest. A house can be built even in a few weeks. The resulting structure will be quite warm, durable and weather resistant. The service life of a frame house can reach up to 75 years.

A house can be built cheaply using one of two frame technologies:

Frame and panel construction ranks first in terms of speed of installation. To build a house, ready-made or home-made sandwich panels and a timber frame are used. The construction technology is so simple that the structure can be erected independently.
For the construction of a house frame-panel technology it will take a little longer, but the cost of construction will be cheaper than the previous installation method. In this case, a wooden frame of the house is first erected at the construction site, then it is sheathed with wood sheet material. Thermal insulation material is placed in the gap between the frame posts, then the inside walls are lined with OSB or moisture-resistant plywood. A wind and water barrier must be used in the construction of the walls.

The advantages of the technology include the following:

Thanks to the light weight of the building, you can save on the construction of the foundation and the volume of excavation work. Moreover, the walls themselves are cheaper in cost than building a house made of brick or concrete.
Such a house warms up very quickly and retains heat well. Walls 20 cm thick protect against the cold in winter no worse than a brick wall 0.5 m thick.
Due to the low thermal conductivity of the material, you can significantly save on heating your home in winter.
Such buildings do not shrink, so finishing work and moving into the house can be done immediately after the construction of the box.
Since there are no wet processes during construction, the installation of the house can be carried out even in winter.

Disadvantages of frame technology:

The high tightness of a frame house is its main disadvantage, because for a comfortable stay in the house you will have to equip high-quality supply and exhaust ventilation.
The environmental friendliness of such a building is questionable, because OSB contains synthetic resins, and the polystyrene foam itself, used to insulate the house, cannot be called an environmentally friendly material.
Increased flammability. Moreover, expanded polystyrene releases toxic components during combustion.
The durability and safety of such a house is questionable, because if desired, you can cut a hole in the wall with an ax.

Houses made of aerated concrete

You can quickly build a house from aerated concrete blocks. Building a house frame from this material is much more profitable than building from brick for several reasons:

If you are looking for how to build a house cheaply and quickly yourself, then aerated concrete is exactly the material that will allow you to achieve what you want three times faster than using traditional bricks.
The completed house practically does not shrink, so after installing the windows and doors, you can immediately begin finishing and moving into the home. This is especially important if it is important to you to get your home as quickly as possible.
The low thermal conductivity of the material helps retain heat in the house. As a result, in winter you will be able to save on heating. Moreover, the walls are 1/3 thinner than brick structures and retain heat in the house just as well.
Due to the small specific weight and significant dimensions of one block, a house can be built with your own hands without the use of construction equipment in the shortest possible time.
The porous structure of aerated concrete allows the walls to breathe. Thanks to this, a microclimate favorable for humans is formed in the room.
Aerated blocks provide a flat, smooth surface that does not require additional leveling before finishing.

Important: when building such a house, it is better to use not an ordinary mortar, which will contribute to the formation of “cold bridges,” but a special glue that produces a tight and thin seam.

When deciding what is cheaper to build a house from, it is worth considering the disadvantages of aerated concrete:

Due to its high porosity, the material is very hygroscopic, so it must be carefully protected from moisture with special finishes outside and inside the premises. A damp gas block loses its thermal insulation characteristics.
Aerated concrete walls cannot be left unfinished, so you will not be able to save on finishing materials.
To rest the truss structure and floor slabs on aerated concrete blocks, it is necessary to install a monolithic reinforced belt, and this entails additional costs of money and time.

Timber houses

When choosing what to build a cheaper house from, you should pay attention to profiled and laminated timber. Of course, laminated veneer lumber is not such a cheap material, but profiled kiln-dried products are no worse in performance characteristics and at the same time have an affordable price.

Among the advantages of timber houses, it is worth noting the following points:

High thermal insulation characteristics. A wall made of timber 22 cm thick has the same thermal conductivity as a brick wall 0.6 m thick.
Walls made of profiled and laminated timber look so attractive outside and inside that they do not require any finishing.
Due to the lightness of the material, a shallow, lightweight foundation can be made for the structure.
The construction technology from timber is quite simple, so you can build a house with your own hands.
The building made of wood is distinguished by its environmental friendliness and a special favorable microclimate.
The speed of construction is another plus in favor of this technology.
A house made of timber can be built even in winter.

Among the disadvantages of the technology it is worth mentioning the following:

Wood is susceptible to rot, mold and damage by insects, so periodically you will have to renew the protective antiseptic impregnation.
A house made of wood shrinks, so you won’t be able to move in immediately after the box is built.

Attention: shrinkage of a house made of wood with natural moisture can take from 6 to 12 months. The construction of kiln-dried glued and profiled timber will shrink within 3 months.

Wood is a flammable material, so all elements must be treated with fire retardants.
It is necessary to strictly follow the construction technology and use inter-crown insulation so that the house is warm and comfortable, and the structure itself lasts a long time.

Building your own home is not an easy task, and it’s not for lack of significant savings. This is an objective reason.

Many people are stopped by the fact that they do not know where to start building a house on their site. The variety of types of work, costs, documents, time, the risk of making a mistake and its possible consequences are scary. Our goal is to provide information on how to step by step complete all stages of building a private house with your own hands. And the final decision is yours.

Individual housing construction - what is it?

Decoding the abbreviation individual housing construction- This is individual housing construction. Individual housing construction involves the construction of a residential building on a privately owned plot of land.

Individual housing construction objects are: residential building, extension, superstructure, garage and other permanent buildings. Those. those buildings the construction of which requires permission from local authorities and, in some cases, the consent of neighbors.

Land plot is a territory that has clearly defined boundaries. At the same time, the surface layer of the earth is also considered private property. The depth of the layer is not prescribed at the legislative level. But it is worth remembering that when you are going to dig a well, you are acting within the framework of your interests. If you plan to drill an artesian well, then you are encroaching on state property, which means that its drilling must be agreed upon and documented.

Plot for building a house

To start construction, you need to have a certain budget and land. If there is no plot, and the budget allows, you can buy it.

What you need to pay attention to when choosing a site to build a house:

personal interests. First of all, set the direction for the search. Perhaps there are memories associated with a certain place, or you want a plot near the water, or in the forest, etc.;

location. More in demand are plots located within the city or at a distance of 10-15 km from it;

plot dimensions. Affect the scale of construction. In construction, the proportion is 1:10. That is, on a plot of 6 acres it would be appropriate to build a house of 60 square meters. Whether or not to follow this recommendation is up to the owner of the plot, but in the event of a sale it significantly increases the liquidity of the property;

availability of infrastructure. Even if complete privacy is planned, it is desirable that there be several more buildings located on the development territory, a medical center, a store, a school, etc. This is especially important if the house is intended for a family with children and is planned for year-round living;

proximity to transport. It is important for car owners to evaluate the quality of access roads and the presence/condition of asphalt pavement. So as not to end up in a situation where, in order to get home, you need to change your car to another one with a higher ground clearance. For those who do not have a car, proximity to public transport is desirable;

availability of communications. Is it possible to connect to central heating, water supply, sewerage. Are power lines connected to the site? Owners of plots in newly created satellite villages often face this situation;

state of ecology in the area. It may turn out that living here is fraught with negative consequences (proximity to hazardous production);

soil type. The choice of foundation and the possibility of constructing a well depend on it. In practice, it may turn out that this soil is generally not suitable for the construction of heavy objects. That is, it is possible to put a summer house or a small dacha on it, but to build a two-story house with an attic is unrealistic.

market value of the plot. It is determined by all parameters together. The final price will depend on the owners of the site and your ability to bargain reasonably.

Advice. Having decided on a site, do not be lazy to check the legal purity of the documents and the compliance of the actual dimensions of the site with the dimensions indicated in the cadastral passport. You may be sold territory that actually belongs to someone else.

The situation with the site can develop according to two scenarios:

Firstly, permanent buildings may already be located on the site. A fairly common situation is the acquisition of a plot of land with an already built house. Now we are talking not about its restoration, but about demolition. The advantage of such a site is that the main communications are connected to it. In this case, in addition to the above parameters, you need to check the legality of communications.

Secondly, the site may not be developed. We will pay attention to this option.

Where to start building a house on an empty lot?

1. Decide on the style of the plot/house

The appearance of the building, its location, the choice of material, etc. will depend on the design.

The size of the house depends on the number of people permanently living in it. The house can be made into several floors, thus it is possible to obtain sufficient space, but not at the expense of developing the site.

Note. If you plan to dig a well, you need to immediately call the experts who will tell you where the water is. Perhaps the only place on the site where the aquifer is close to the surface will be exactly the place where it was planned to place the house. By the way, in this case, you need to talk with your neighbors and find out what quality the water is in the area.

Independent construction of a country house will be easier, since there is no need, for example, for heating.

2. When to start building a house?

It is better to start construction work as soon as it gets warmer - i.e. in early spring. There will be six months of good weather at your disposal. In practice, the best time to start construction is late spring. More precisely, the period when the night temperature does not drop below +5°C. At this time of year, not only will the snow melt, but also the water will leave, interfering with digging a pit or making a foundation. In addition, in warm weather, labor productivity is much higher.

Note. You should not expect to complete the construction of a house in one season. According to standards, only the foundation must survive for 1 year. And, for example, the construction of a brick house differs in time from the construction of a frame house. So, conservation of unfinished construction is inevitable (with the exception of prefabricated houses).

3. What material should the house be built from?

The choice will be influenced by: the period of operation of the house (for permanent residence or only in the summer), budget, environmental requirements, fashion, the ability to complete the work quickly with the involvement of specialists or with your own hands. Let's consider several options:

. A common material for construction. The undoubted advantage of a brick house is its time-tested service life;

. In terms of price/quality ratio, foam concrete occupies an advantageous position. A foam block made of durable cellular concrete, due to air bubbles, has good thermal conductivity and low weight;

. This material is durable, lightweight, has high thermal conductivity and breathability, and is easy to process. Construction with aerated concrete does not impose any special requirements on the construction of the foundation;

. It is practiced less frequently due to the high cost of the material. Arbolite blocks are a type of lightweight concrete, consisting of a mixture of cement and crushed wood (chips). Characterized by low water absorption and high thermal insulation properties;

frame or modular construction. A special feature is the availability of modular designs. They are cheaper, and the work is completed in a short time. This structure is lightweight and therefore does not require significant foundation costs;

construction of a wooden house. In terms of cost and manufacturability of work, it belongs to the category of luxury construction:

Do not forget that any building material has both advantages and disadvantages that need to be eliminated.

What to build a permanent home from?

A brief comparative description of materials for building a cottage in the table (approximate prices for 2016-2017). Which one is better is up to you to decide.

Material	Arbolit	Frame construction	Beam/log
Cost, rub/m3	from 000	From 000 sq.m. area	From 8 000
Construction period	4-6 months	1-2 months	3-4 months
Construction start time	End of spring	all-season	The beginning of spring
Advantages	- speed; - reliability; - thermal conductivity.	- speed; - no shrinkage; - light weight.	- speed; - environmental friendliness; - no need for finishing.
Flaws	- price; - need for finishing; - presence of counterfeit.	- price; - additional finishing; - risk of fire; - low noise insulation.	- shrinkage is possible; - drying of wood; - the need to attract specialists.

4. Who will build the house?

The solution to this issue involves choosing from three options:

The work is entrusted to the general contractor

This is a company that undertakes to deliver a turnkey project. The set of services includes everything from site assessment and project development to finishing work. Searching and delivering material is also their responsibility. The general contractor may involve subcontractors. But he must invest within the agreed time frame and budget.

The work is done entirely by hand

It is worth mentioning that it is almost impossible for one person to build a house. This implies the involvement of assistants from among friends and relatives, at least one of whom knows the procedure for performing work of a certain type. This option allows you to save up to 20% on the cost of materials (often contractors include their interest in the cost of the purchased material), as well as up to 100% on the cost of work. In addition, full control over the construction process is exercised.

Disadvantages of the do-it-yourself approach:

increase in construction period;

lack of knowledge and experience in performing this or that type of work;

difficulties in obtaining design and permitting documentation;

responsibility for the result of construction.

Some are done in-house and some are done by subcontractors.

The most common and realistic way. In this case, the owner performs independently that part of the work that he is able to do, and specialists are brought in for the remaining tasks. At the same time, the customer, being on the construction site, can quickly assess the quality of work.

But this approach is fraught with disadvantages:

searching for highly specialized companies takes a lot of time, and the cost of their services is higher. As a rule, they turn to handicraftsmen (shabashniks), but there is no confidence in the quality of the work;

complete control over the progress of work. If the owner unknowingly missed some point in the construction, no one will point out the mistake. Hired people do their part of the work and leave;

violation of deadlines. There may be some part of the work that was not completed on time. Because of this, the construction of a cottage with your own hands will have to be suspended, which is fraught with additional payments and loss of time;

shared responsibility. When a marriage occurs, it is difficult to find the culprit. For example, tilers will blame the mason or plasterer for crooked walls, or the floor was poured incorrectly. And there are many such examples.

Note. Users advise hiring craftsmen who will do the next stage of work and evaluate the work of the previous ones. This way they take responsibility for their part of the work.

5. Budget for building a house

After all of the above, it makes sense to reconsider the construction budget.

What increases construction costs:

individually developed project;
complex structure configuration;
the presence of balconies, basements, winter garden, garage, swimming pool, sauna, etc.;
a significant number of rooms;
broken roof;
use of unreasonably expensive materials in construction.

What reduces the cost (what to save on):

ready-made standard project;
simple form of structure;
refusal of the second floor in favor of the attic (subjective);
the presence of a significant number of windows;
reduction of partitions;
reasonable choice of foundation type;
reasonable thickness of external and internal walls;
choosing a roof configuration that allows rational use of lumber and minimizing waste of roofing material.

Cost ratio for building a house

Work cycle	Contents of the cycle	% of total costs
Preparatory	- preparation of documents; - search for contractors; - purchase or development of a project.	0-1
Null	- digging a pit; - pouring the foundation.	15-35 (depending on the type of foundation)
Elementary	civil works: - construction of walls; - installation of rafter system and roofing; - conservation of unfinished buildings if necessary.	35-50 (depending on the number of partitions, roof configuration and cost of roofing material)
Final	- filling window and door openings.	5-15 (depending on number, area, material)
Engineering work	- laying of intra-house communications and their connection to central networks; - installation of electrical wiring; - plumbing work; - heating and insulation.	15

At this point the planning stage is over, it’s time to move on to direct action.

The beginning of work on a site with dilapidated buildings includes the demolition of old buildings and clearing of debris from the area. The demolition of the building must be reported to the local BTI and a document must be obtained confirming the exclusion of the demolished house from the federal register.

If the house was connected to communications, you need to coordinate their disconnection before demolition with the relevant services, for example, the gas service. It's easier when the site is empty.

In this case, the sequence of work can be presented step by step:

Step 1 - Private house project

As already mentioned, there can be three ways to acquire projects.

Firstly, buy a ready-made project. The cost of a house project depends on its complexity and uniqueness. The price starts from 3,000 rubles.
Secondly, contact an architect. The cost of developing an individual project starts from 20 thousand rubles. At the same time, carrying out the project and author’s control over its implementation in practice is paid additionally.

Third, develop the project yourself. How to develop a house project yourself without sufficient knowledge? Based on the example provided below.